Changes in family income status and the development of overweight and obesity from 2 to 15 years: a longitudinal study

BMC Public Health

Christine M Olson¹  Jere D Haas¹  Margaret M Demment¹ 

[1] Division of Nutritional Sciences, Cornell University, 352 Martha Van Rensselaer Hall, Ithaca, NY, USA

关键词: Lifecourse;    Longitudinal;    Obesity;    Latent-class modeling;    Low-income trajectory;    BMI trajectory;   

Others  :  1131465
DOI  :  10.1186/1471-2458-14-417

 received in 2014-02-07, accepted in 2014-04-25,  发布年份 2014

【 摘 要 】

Background

An emerging body of research suggests the trajectory of a family’s income affects children’s health and development more profoundly than the often-measured income at a single time point. The purpose of this study was to examine the associations between changes in family income status, early-life risk factors, and body mass index (BMI) z-score trajectory from age 2 to 15 years.

Methods

This longitudinal study employed a birth cohort (n = 595) located in a rural region of New York State. Data were collected through an audit of medical records and mailed questionnaires. Family low-income and BMI z-score trajectories were identified using latent-class modeling techniques that group children based on similar trends across time. We examined five early-life risk factors in relation to income and BMI z-score trajectories: maternal overweight/obesity, maternal gestational weight gain, maternal smoking during pregnancy, breastfeeding duration, and early-life weight gain trajectory. We used multinomial logistic regression models to estimate the odds of being in a BMI z-score trajectory group based on income trajectory and early-life risk factors.

Results

Children who remain low-income throughout childhood were more likely to maintain overweight (AOR = 2.55, 95% CI = 1.03, 5.42) and children who moved into low-income during childhood were more likely to be obese (AOR = 2.36, 95% CI = 1.12, 5.93) compared to children who were never low-income. Maternal overweight/obesity was significantly associated with a child become obese (AOR = 8.31, 95% CI = 3.80, 18.20), become overweight (AOR = 2.37, 95% CI = 1.34, 4.22), and stay overweight (AOR = 1.79, 95% CI = 1.02, 3.14). Excessive gestational weight gain was associated with increased likelihood of a child becoming overweight trajectory (AOR = 2.01, 95% CI = 1.01, 4.00).

Conclusions

Our findings further supports the growing evidence that there are several preventable early-life risk factors that could be targeted for intervention. This study provides new evidence that remaining in low-income and moving into low-income increases risk for adolescent overweight and obesity.

【 授权许可】

   
2014 Demment et al.; licensee BioMed Central Ltd.

【 图 表 】

Figure 1.

Figure 2.

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