Investigating the molecular basis of local adaptation to thermal stress: population differences in gene expression across the transcriptome of the copepod Tigriopus californicus

BMC Evolutionary Biology

Ronald S Burton¹  Anastasia Wolff²  Gary W Moy¹  Felipe S Barreto¹  Sean D Schoville¹ 

[1] Marine Biology Research Division, Scripps Institution of Oceanography, University of California, San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, CA, 92093-0202, U.S.A;Département de Biologie, Ecole Normale Supérieure de Paris, 46, rue d'Ulm, 75005, Paris, France

关键词: Climate;    Temperature stress;    Diversification;    Heat shock proteins;    RNA-seq;    Next-generation sequencing;   

Others  :  1140328
DOI  :  10.1186/1471-2148-12-170

 received in 2012-03-02, accepted in 2012-08-30,  发布年份 2012

【 摘 要 】

Background

Geographic variation in the thermal environment impacts a broad range of biochemical and physiological processes and can be a major selective force leading to local population adaptation. In the intertidal copepod Tigriopus californicus, populations along the coast of California show differences in thermal tolerance that are consistent with adaptation, i.e., southern populations withstand thermal stresses that are lethal to northern populations. To understand the genetic basis of these physiological differences, we use an RNA-seq approach to compare genome-wide patterns of gene expression in two populations known to differ in thermal tolerance.

Results

Observed differences in gene expression between the southern (San Diego) and the northern (Santa Cruz) populations included both the number of affected loci as well as the identity of these loci. However, the most pronounced differences concerned the amplitude of up-regulation of genes producing heat shock proteins (Hsps) and genes involved in ubiquitination and proteolysis. Among the hsp genes, orthologous pairs show markedly different thermal responses as the amplitude of hsp response was greatly elevated in the San Diego population, most notably in members of the hsp70 gene family. There was no evidence of accelerated evolution at the sequence level for hsp genes. Among other sets of genes, cuticle genes were up-regulated in SD but down-regulated in SC, and mitochondrial genes were down-regulated in both populations.

Conclusions

Marked changes in gene expression were observed in response to acute sub-lethal thermal stress in the copepod T. californicus. Although some qualitative differences were observed between populations, the most pronounced differences involved the magnitude of induction of numerous hsp and ubiquitin genes. These differences in gene expression suggest that evolutionary divergence in the regulatory pathway(s) involved in acute temperature stress may offer at least a partial explanation of population differences in thermal tolerance observed in Tigriopus.

【 授权许可】

   
2012 Schoville et al.; licensee BioMed Central Ltd.

【 图 表 】

Figure 1.

Figure 2.

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