Candida spp. and gingivitis in children with nephrotic syndrome or type 1 diabetes

BMC Oral Health

Maria Roszkowska-Blaim¹  Małgorzata Mizerska-Wasiak¹  Anna Piróg⁴  Angelika Kalińska⁴  Dariusz Gozdowski⁵  Ewa Swoboda-Kopeć³  Izabela Rogozińska²  Grażyna Miszkurka²  Małgorzata Pańczyk-Tomaszewska¹  Maria Dąbkowska³  Beata Pyrżak²  Dorota Olczak-Kowalczyk⁴ 

[1]Department of Paediatric Nephrology, Medical University of Warsaw, Warszawa, Poland

[2]Department of Paediatric Endocrinology, Medical University of Warsaw, Warszawa, Poland

[3]Department of Dental Medical Microbiology, Medical University of Warsaw, Warszawa, Poland

[4]Department of Paediatric Dentistry, Medical University of Warsaw, 18 Miodowa St, Warszawa, 00-246, Poland

[5]Department of Experimental Statistics and Bioinformatics, Warsaw University of Life Sciences, Warsaw, Poland

关键词: Gingivitis;    Hydrolytic enzyme activity;    Candida spp;    Type 1 diabetes;    Nephrotic syndrome;    Immunosuppression;    Oral cavity;   

Others  :  1183522
DOI  :  10.1186/s12903-015-0042-6

 received in 2014-11-11, accepted in 2015-04-28,  发布年份 2015

【 摘 要 】

Background

Diabetes and Nephrotic syndrome (NS) promote plaque-related gingivitis and yeast-like fungal infections.

The study assesses the impact of Candida spp. and general disease- or treatment-related factors on plaque-related gingivitis severity in children and adolescents with Nephrotic syndrome /diabetes.

Methods

Body mass index (BMI), BMI standard deviation score, and oral cavity (Plaque Index – PLI, Gingival Index – GI, mucosa status, presence and Candida enzymatic activity) were assessed in 96 patients (32 with NS: 30- immunosuppressive treatment, 35 - type 1 diabetes, and 29 generally healthy), aged; 3–18 years. Laboratory included cholesterol and triglyceride measurements; in diabetic subjects– glycated haemoglobin, in NS: total protein, albumin, creatinine, haemoglobin, haematocrit, white cell count, urinary protein excretion. Medical records supplied information on disease duration and treatment. A statistical analysis was performed; Kendall Tau coefficient, chi-square test, t-test, and multiple regression analysis ( P < 0.05).

Results

Candida spp. often occurred in healthy patients, but oral candidiasis was found only in the NS and diabetes groups (9.37% and 11.43%). Gingivitis occurred more frequently in patients with NS/diabetes. Gingivitis severity was correlated with PLI, age, and yeast enzyme activity in NS – to with immunosuppressive treatment with >1 drug, drug doses, treatment duration, lipid disorders, and BMI; in diabetes, with blood glucose and glycated haemoglobin >8%.

Conclusion

Poor hygiene control is the main cause of gingivitis. Gingivitis severity is most likely related to age, lipid disorders and increase in body mass. Candida spp., in uncompensated diabetes and in those using immunosuppressive treatment, might intensify plaque-related gingivitis.

【 授权许可】

   
2015 Olczak-Kowalczyk et al.; licensee BioMed Central.

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