The effect of sunlight exposure on interleukin-6 levels in depressive and non-depressive subjects

BMC Psychiatry

Maria Paz Loayza Hidalgo³  Clarissa S Gama¹  Alicia Carissimi²  Bianca Pfaffenseller¹  Rosa Levandovski² 

[1] INCT for Translational Medicine, Laboratory of Molecular Psychiatry, HCPA/UFRGS, Porto Alegre, Brazil;Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Médicas: Psiquiatria, UFRGS, Porto Alegre, Brazil;Programa de Pós-Graduação em Medicina: Ciências Médicas, UFRGS, Porto Alegre, Brazil

关键词: Munich Chronotype Questionnaire (MCTQ);    Depressive disorder;    Light;    Interleukin;   

Others  :  1124118
DOI  :  10.1186/1471-244X-13-75

 received in 2012-11-20, accepted in 2013-02-25,  发布年份 2013

【 摘 要 】

Background

The objective of this epidemiological study was to evaluate the effect of length of sunlight exposure on interleukin 6 (IL-6) levels in depressive and non-depressive subjects.

Methods

This was a cross-sectional study with 154 subjects (54 males, mean age: 43.5 ± 12.8 years) who were living in a rural area in south Brazil. Chronobiological and light parameters were assessed using the Munich Chronotype Questionnaire. Sleep quality was evaluated using the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index. Depressive symptoms were assessed with the Beck Depression Inventory. Plasma levels of inflammatory cytokines (IL-2, IL-4, IL-6, IL-10, tumor necrosis factor-α, and interferon) were collected during the daytime and measured.

Results

IL-6 levels showed a positive correlation with light exposure (r = 0.257; p < 0.001) and a negative correlation with the mid-sleep phase on work-free days (r = -0.177; p = 0.028). Multiple linear regression analysis showed that only the length of light exposure was an independent factor for predicting IL-6 levels (ß = 0.26; p = 0.002). In non-depressed subjects, exposure to a different intensity of light did not affect IL-6 levels (t = -1.6; p = 0.1). However, when the two depressive groups with low and high light exposure were compared, the low light exposure group had lower levels of IL-6 compared with the high light exposure group (t = -2.19 and p = 0.0037).

Conclusions

The amount of time that participants are exposed to sunlight is directly related to their IL-6 levels. Additionally, depressed subjects differ in their IL-6 levels if they are exposed to light for differing amounts of time.

【 授权许可】

   
2013 Levandovski et al; licensee BioMed Central Ltd.

【 图 表 】

Figure 1.

Figure 2.

Figure 3.

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