Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis in BRIC countries: the cases of Brazil, Russia, India, and China

BMC Medicine

Zuo Jun Xu¹  Zarir F. Udwadia⁵  Sergey Avdeev⁴  Adalberto Sperb Rubin³  Luca Richeldi² 

[1] Department of Respiratory Medicine, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100730, China;Southampton Respiratory Biomedical Research Unit, Mailpoint 813, LE75 E Level, South Academic Block, University Hospital Southampton NHS Foundation Trust, Southampton SO16 6YD, UK;Federal University of Porto Alegre (UFCSPA), Pulmonary Department of Santa Casa Hospital, Porto Alegre, Brazil;Clinical Department, Pulmonology Research Institute, 32, 11-th Parkovaya str., Moscow 105077, Russia;Breach Candy Hospital, B. Desai Road, Mumbai 400026, India

关键词: Pirfenidone;    Nintedanib;    Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis;    High-resolution computed tomography;    BRIC countries;   

Others  :  1227198
DOI  :  10.1186/s12916-015-0495-0

 received in 2015-09-11, accepted in 2015-09-18,  发布年份 2015

【 摘 要 】

Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF), the prototype of interstitial lung diseases, has the worst prognosis and is the only interstitial lung disease for which approved pharmacological treatments are available. Despite being considered a rare disease, IPF patients pose major challenges to both physicians and healthcare systems. It is estimated that a large number of IPF patients reside in BRIC countries (Brazil, Russia, India, and China) given their overall total population of approximately 3 billion inhabitants. Nevertheless, the limited availability of chest imaging in BRIC countries is considered a chief obstacle to diagnosis, since high-resolution computed tomography of the chest is the key diagnostic test for IPF. Further, obtaining reliable lung function tests and providing treatment access is difficult in the more rural areas of these countries. However, IPF might represent an opportunity for BRIC countries: the exponentially increasing demand for the enrollment of IPF patients in clinical trials of new drugs is predicted to face a shortage of patients – BRIC countries may thus play a crucial role in advancing towards a cure for IPF.

【 授权许可】

   
2015 Richeldi et al.

【 图 表 】

Fig. 1.

Fig. 2.

Fig. 3.

Fig. 4.

Fig. 5.

Fig. 6.

Fig. 7.

【 参考文献 】

• [1]Kaunisto J, Salomaa ER, Hodgson U, Kaarteenaho R, Myllarniemi M. Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis--a systematic review on methodology for the collection of epidemiological data. BMC Pulm Med. 2013; 13:53. BioMed Central Full Text
• [2]Esposito DB, Lanes S, Donneyong M, Holick CN, Lasky JA, Lederer D, et al. Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis in US automated claims: incidence, prevalence and algorithm validation. Am J Respir Crit Care Med. 2015. Ahead of print.
• [3]Karimi-Shah BA, Chowdhury BA. Forced vital capacity in idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis--FDA review of pirfenidone and nintedanib. N Engl J Med. 2015; 372:1189-91.
• [4]Richeldi L, Costabel U, Selman M, Kim DS, Hansell DM, Nicholson AG et al.. Efficacy of a tyrosine kinase inhibitor in idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis. N Engl J Med. 2011; 365:1079-87.
• [5]Fortuna FP, Perin C, Cunha L, Rubin AS. Mortality due to idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis in the State of Rio Grande do Sul (Brazil). J Bras Pneumol. 2003; 29:121-4.
• [6]Baldi BG, Pereira CA, Rubin AS, Santana AN, Costa AN, Carvalho CR et al.. Highlights of the Brazilian Thoracic Association guidelines for interstitial lung diseases. J Bras Pneumol. 2012; 38:282-91.
• [7]Raghu G, Anstrom KJ, King TE, Lasky JA, Martinez FJ. Prednisone, azathioprine, and N-acetylcysteine for pulmonary fibrosis. N Engl J Med. 2012; 366:1968-77.
• [8]Lima MS, Coletta EN, Ferreira RG, Jasinowodolinski D, Arakaki JS, Rodrigues SC et al.. Subacute and chronic hypersensitivity pneumonitis: histopathological patterns and survival. Respir Med. 2009; 103:508-15.
• [9]Pereira CA, Malheiros T, Coletta EM, Ferreira RG, Rubin AS, Otta JS et al.. Survival in idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis-cytotoxic agents compared to corticosteroids. Respir Med. 2006; 100:340-7.
• [10]Bandeira CD, Rubin AS, Cardoso PF, Moreira Jda S, Machado Mda M. Prevalence of gastroesophageal reflux disease in patients with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis. J Bras Pneumol. 2009; 35:1182-9.
• [11]Florian J, Rubin A, Mattiello R, Fontoura FF, Camargo Jde J, Teixeira PJ. Impact of pulmonary rehabilitation on quality of life and functional capacity in patients on waiting lists for lung transplantation. J Bras Pneumol. 2013; 39:349-56.
• [12]Machuca TN, Schio SM, Camargo SM, Lobato V, Costa CD, Felicetti JC et al.. Prognostic factors in lung transplantation: the Santa Casa de Porto Alegre experience. Transplantation. 2011; 91:1297-303.
• [13]King TE, Bradford WZ, Castro-Bernardini S, Fagan EA, Glaspole I, Glassberg MK et al.. A phase 3 trial of pirfenidone in patients with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis. N Engl J Med. 2014; 370:2083-92.
• [14]Richeldi L, du Bois RM, Raghu G, Azuma A, Brown KK, Costabel U et al.. INPULSIS Trial Investigators. Efficacy and safety of nintedanib in idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis. N Engl J Med. 2014; 370:2071-82.
• [15]Petrov DV, Ovsjannikov NV, Kapralov EA, Kapustian OV. Interstitial lung diseases: point of view of practical doctor. Practical Pulmonol. 2014; 1:32-8.
• [16]Chuchalin AG. Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis. Ther Archive. 2000; 3:5-12.
• [17]Ilkovich ММ, Novikova LN, Koroleva MG. Idiopathic fibrosing alveolitis: controversies in modern presentations. Pulmonology. 2003; 3:98-101.
• [18]Kotlyarov PM, Georgiadi SG. New technologies and progress of imaging of diffuse interstitial lung diseases. Pulmonology. 2005; 6:61-9.
• [19]Avdeev SN. Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis: current concepts and diagnostic approaches. Practical Pulmonology. 2014; 4:16-23.
• [20]Avdeev SN. Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis: approaches to the diagnosis and treatment in Russia. Pulmonology. 2015. Ahead of print. In Russian.
• [21]Khubutia MS, Chuchalin AG, Abakumov MM, Avdeev SN, Timerbaev VK, Poplavsky IV et al.. The first lung transplantation at the Research Institute of Emergency named after N.V. Sklifosovsky. Transplantation. 2011; 2:5-9.
• [22]Jindal SK, Malik SK, Deodhar SD, Sharma BK. Fibrosing alveolitis: a report of 61 cases seen over the past five years. Indian J Chest Dis Allied Sci. 1979; 21:174-9.
• [23]Mahashur AA, Dave KM, Kinare SG, Kamat SR, Shetye VM, Kolhatkar VP. Diffuse fibrosing alveolitis – an Indian experience. Lung India. 1983; 5:171-9.
• [24]Sharma SK, Pande JN, Verma K, Guleria JS. Bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) analysis in interstitial lung diseases--a 7-year experience. Indian J Chest Dis Allied Sci. 1989; 31:187-96.
• [25]Maheshwari U, Gupta D, Aggarwal AN, Jindal SK. Spectrum and diagnosis of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis. Indian J Chest Dis Allied Sci. 2004; 46:23-6.
• [26]Subhash HS, Ashwin I, Solomon SK, David T, Cherian AM, Thomas K. A comparative study on idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis and secondary diffuse parenchymal lung disease. Indian J Med Sci. 2004; 58:185-90.
• [27]Sen T, Udwadia ZF. Retrospective study of interstitial lung disease in a tertiary care centre in India. Indian J Chest Dis Allied Sci. 2010; 52:207-11.
• [28]Kundu S, Mitra S, Ganguly J, Mukherjee S, Ray S, Mitra R. Spectrum of diffuse parenchymal lung diseases with special reference to idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis and connective tissue disease: An eastern India experience. Lung India. 2014; 31:354-60.
• [29]Gribbin J, Hubbard RB, Le Jeune I, Smith CJ, West J, Tata LJ. Incidence and mortality of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis and sarcoidosis in the UK. Thorax. 2006; 61:980-5.
• [30]Udwadia ZF, Sen T, Jindal SK. Interstitial lung diseases in a resource-limited setting: the case of India. In: European Respiratory Monograph 46: Interstitial Lung Diseases. Bois RM, Richeldi L, editors. European Respiratory Society Journals Ltd, Sheffield; 2009: p.357-74.
• [31]Singh V, Sharma BB. Laying the ground for research of interstitial lung disease in our country: ILD India registry. Lung India. 2014; 31:320-2.
• [32]Raghu G, Rochwerg B, Zhang Y, Garcia CA, Azuma A, Behr J et al.. An Official ATS/ERS/JRS/ALAT Clinical Practice Guideline: treatment of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis. An update of the 2011 Clinical Practice Guideline. Am J Respir Crit Care Med. 2015; 192:e3-19.
• [33]Summary of the sixth national symposium on respiratory diseases in China. Zhong hua Jie He He Hu Xi Za Zhi. 2004; 27:858-61.
• [34]Li HP, Huang JA, Fan F, Li X, Yu H, Zhao L et al.. Clinical analysis of 395 patients with diffuse lung diseases. Shanghai Med J. 2007; 30:665-8.
• [35]Yang XM, Wang CZ, Cui SH, Liu Z, Li XJ, Du XZ. Retrospective analysis of diffuse interstitial lung disease cases admitted in 5 teaching hospitals in Chongqing. Chin J Respir Crit Care Med. 2008; 7:120-3.
• [36]Wei LQ, Peng SC, Cao J, Liu GY, Lai YP, Jia W et al.. Clinical features and diagnosis and treatment of diffuse interstitial lung disease: a multi-center study. Chinese General Practice. 2012; 15:2521-4.
• [37]Zhang D, Liu Y. Surgical lung biopsies in 418 patients with suspected interstitial lung disease in China. Intern Med. 2010; 49:1097-102.
• [38]Ji Y, Wang T, Wei ZF, Lu GX, Jiang SD, Xia YF et al.. Paeoniflorin, the main active constituent of Paeonia lactiflora roots, attenuates bleomycin-induced pulmonary fibrosis in mice by suppressing the synthesis of type I collagen. J Ethnopharmacol. 2013; 149:825-32.
• [39]He H, Tang H, Gao L, Wu Y, Feng Z, Lin H et al.. Tanshinone IIA attenuates bleomycin-induced pulmonary fibrosis in rats. Mol Med Rep. 2015; 11:4190-6.
• [40]Li L, Li D, Xu L, Zhao P, Deng Z, Mo X et al.. Total extract of Yupingfeng attenuates bleomycin-induced pulmonary fibrosis in rats. Phytomedicine. 2015; 22:111-9.
• [41]Xu H, Li S. Pharmacological effects of Bailing capsule and its application in lung disease research. Zhongguo Zhong Yao Za Zhi. 2010; 35:2777-81.
• [42]Zhang W, Jiang LD, Zhang XM, Wu JJ, Deng Y, Lu XF. Influence of feixian formula on serum transforming growth factor-beta1 and platelet-derived growth factor in rats with bleomycin-induced pulmonary fibrosis. Zhong Xi Yi Jie He Xue Bao. 2008; 6:595-9.
• [43]Mao W, Chen J, Zheng M, Wu B, Zhu Y. Initial experience of lung transplantation at a single center in China. Transplant Proc. 2013; 45:349-55.