Obesity and elevated blood pressure among adolescents in Lagos, Nigeria: a cross-sectional study

BMC Public Health

Olufunmilayo F Adeniyi¹  Ekanem N Ekure²  Iretiola B Fajolu²  Taiwo A Ladapo²  Abiola A Oduwole² 

[1] Department of Paediatrics, College of Medicine, University of Lagos, Lagos, Nigeria;Department of Paediatrics, Lagos University Teaching Hospital, Lagos, Nigeria

关键词: Overweight;    Obesity;    Body mass index;    Blood pressure;    Adolescents;   

Others  :  1163353
DOI  :  10.1186/1471-2458-12-616

 received in 2012-01-22, accepted in 2012-07-18,  发布年份 2012

【 摘 要 】

Background

Childhood obesity and associated hypertension are major public health concerns globally. This study aimed to determine the prevalence of obesity and the associated risk of high blood pressure among Nigerian adolescents.

Methods

A cross-sectional school-based study of 885 apparently healthy adolescents was performed. Weight, height and blood pressure (BP) were measured using standard methods. Body mass index (BMI) was calculated and categorized by age, sex and percentile. Obesity and overweight were defined as: ≥ 95th and 85th to < 95th percentiles, respectively, for age, sex and height. Subjects were sub-categorized into age 10–13 years (A) and 14–17 years (B). The odds ratio for pre-hypertensive and hypertensive range BP by age and BMI were generated. Significance was set at P < 0.05.

Results

The prevalence of overweight and obesity were 13.8% and 9.4%, respectively. The prevalence of hypertensive range systolic BP in obese versus normal BMI females was 16% versus 23% (p=0.00) and 12.1% versus 6.4% (p=0.27) in males. The prevalence of hypertensive range diastolic BP in obese versus normal BMI females was 12% versus 1.4% (p=0.00) and 15.2% versus 3.5% (p=0.01) in males. BMI in group B was significantly associated with pre-hypertensive and hypertensive range systolic BP in overweight (P = 0.01, P = 0.002) and obese subjects (P = 0.00, P = 0.00) and with hypertensive range diastolic BP (P = 0.00) only in obese subjects. The only significant association in group A was between obesity and pre-hypertensive range diastolic BP (P = 0.00).

Conclusion

The prevalence of hypertensive range BP among obese Nigerian adolescents was high. Screening for childhood obesity and hypertension, and long-term follow-up of obese adolescents into adulthood are recommended.

【 授权许可】

   
2012 Oduwole et al.; licensee BioMed Central Ltd.

【 图 表 】

Figure 1.

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