Enterobiasis and strongyloidiasis and associated co-infections and morbidity markers in infants, preschool- and school-aged children from rural coastal Tanzania: a cross-sectional study

BMC Infectious Diseases

Stefanie Knopp²  Claudia Daubenberger³  Marcel Tanner⁵  Salim Abdulla⁴  Denis Kwaba⁴  John Masimba⁴  Alisa S Mohammed⁴  Omar Lweno⁴  Blaise Genton¹  Julian Rothen³  Ummi Abdul⁴  Tobias Schindler³  Nahya Salim⁵ 

[1] Department of Ambulatory Care and Community Medicine, Infectious Disease Service, Lausanne University Hospital, Lausanne, Switzerland;Department of Life Sciences, Wolfson Wellcome Biomedical Laboratories, Natural History Museum, London, United Kingdom;Department of Medical Parasitology and Infection Biology, Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute, Basel, Switzerland;Bagamoyo Research and Training Centre, Ifakara Health Institute, Bagamoyo, United Republic of Tanzania;University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland

关键词: Trichuris trichiura;    Tanzania;    Strongyloides stercoralis;    Soil-transmitted helminths;    Hookworm;    Haematology;    Enterobius vermicularis;    Co-infection;    Anthropometric measures;    Anaemia;    Asymptomatic Plasmodium parasitaemia;   

Others  :  1118116
DOI  :  10.1186/s12879-014-0644-7

 received in 2014-08-04, accepted in 2014-11-20,  发布年份 2014

【 摘 要 】

Background

There is a paucity of data pertaining to the epidemiology and public health impact of Enterobius vermicularis and Strongyloides stercoralis infections. We aimed to determine the extent of enterobiasis, strongyloidiasis, and other helminth infections and their association with asymptomatic Plasmodium parasitaemia, anaemia, nutritional status, and blood cell counts in infants, preschool-aged (PSAC), and school-aged children (SAC) from rural coastal Tanzania.

Methods

A total of 1,033 children were included in a cross-sectional study implemented in the Bagamoyo district in 2011/2012. Faecal samples were examined for intestinal helminth infections using a broad set of quality controlled methods. Finger-prick blood samples were subjected to filariasis and Plasmodium parasitaemia testing and full blood cell count examination. Weight, length/height, and/or mid-upper arm circumference were measured and the nutritional status determined in accordance with age.

Results

E. vermicularis infections were found in 4.2% of infants, 16.7%, of PSAC, and 26.3% of SAC. S. stercoralis infections were detected in 5.8%, 7.5%, and 7.1% of infants, PSAC, and SAC, respectively. Multivariable regression analyses revealed higher odds of enterobiasis in children of all age-groups with a reported anthelminthic treatment history over the past six months (odds ratio (OR): 2.15; 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.22 - 3.79) and in SAC with a higher temperature (OR: 2.21; CI: 1.13 - 4.33). Strongyloidiasis was associated with eosinophilia (OR: 2.04; CI: 1.20-3.48) and with Trichuris trichiura infections (OR: 4.13; CI: 1.04-16.52) in children of all age-groups, and with asymptomatic Plasmodium parasitaemia (OR: 13.03; CI: 1.34 - 127.23) in infants. None of the investigated helminthiases impacted significantly on the nutritional status and anaemia, but moderate asymptomatic Plasmodium parasitaemia was a strong predictor for anaemia in children aged older than two years (OR: 2.69; 95% CI: 1.23 – 5.86).

Conclusions

E. vermicularis and S. stercoralis infections were moderately prevalent in children from rural coastal Tanzania. Our data can contribute to inform yet missing global burden of disease and prevalence estimates for strongyloidiasis and enterobiasis. The association between S stercoralis and asymptomatic Plasmodium parasitaemia found here warrants further comprehensive investigations.

【 授权许可】

   
2014 Salim et al.; licensee BioMed Central Ltd.

【 图 表 】

Figure 1.

Figure 2.

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