Relationship between anthropometric measures and early electrocardiographic changes in obese rats

BMC Research Notes

Frederick Bukachi¹  Dennis Kipkemoi Rono¹  Steve Kyende Mutiso¹ 

[1] Department of Medical Physiology, University of Nairobi, P.O. Box 30197–00100, Nairobi, Kenya

关键词: Anthropometrics;    Electrocardiography;    Obesity;   

Others  :  1091476
DOI  :  10.1186/1756-0500-7-931

 received in 2013-11-26, accepted in 2014-12-12,  发布年份 2014

【 摘 要 】

Background

The degree of cardiovascular function impairment parallels the degree of obesity and obese subjects have abnormal changes on the electrocardiogram (ECG). Early ECG changes in obesity have not been previously studied. The objective of the present study was to determine the early ECG changes in obese rats and their relationship with anthropometric measurements.

Results

At seven weeks all rats in the experiment were obese and in sinus rhythm. In the experiment resting heart rate was increased (364 ± 13 vs. 313 ± 12 bpm, P <0.01). In contrast, the following parameters were shortened: QRS duration (77 ± 3.6 vs. 65 ± 2.6 ms, P < 0.01); QT interval (102 ± 5.2 vs. 88 ± 3.7 ms, P < 0.05); Q wave amplitude (−12.8 ± 1.0 vs. -5.1 ± 0.9 μv, P <0.01); and T wave amplitude (18.8 ± 1.4 vs. 5.8 ± 0.6, P <0.01). All other ECG parameters remained unchanged. With increased weight the resting heart rate (r =0.46, P < 0.01) and R wave amplitude (r = 0.60, P < 0.01) increased.

Conclusion

Early in obesity there are no rhythm disturbances, but resting heart rate is increased. The QRS duration is shortened and Q and T-wave amplitudes reduced signifying ventricular changes related to impaired myocardial depolarization and repolarization. Furthermore, weight gain is correlated with an increase in heart rate and accentuation of the R wave amplitude.

【 授权许可】

   
2014 Mutiso et al.; licensee BioMed Central.

【 图 表 】

Figure 1.

Figure 2.

Figure 3.

Figure 4.

Figure 5.

【 参考文献 】

• [1]Yusuf S, Hawken S, Ounpuu S, et al.: Effect of potentially modifiable risk factors associated with myocardial infarction in 52 countries (the INTERHEART study): case-control study. Lancet 2004, 364:937-952.
• [2]World Health Organization: Obesity: preventing and managing the global epidemic: report of a WHO Consultation on Obesity, Geneva document. 1998. [WHO/NUT/NCD/98.1]
• [3]Poirier P, Thomas DG, Bray GA, Yuling H, Stern JF: Obesity and Cardiovascular Disease: Pathophysiology, Evaluation, and Effect of Weight Loss. JAMA 2006, 26:968-978.
• [4]Kopelman PG: Obesity as a medical problem. Nature 2000, 404:635-643.
• [5]Von Diemen V, Trindade EN, Trindade MR: Experimental model to induce obesity in rats. Acta Cir Bras 2006, 21:425-429.
• [6]Novelli ELB, Diniz YS, Galhardi CM, Ebaid GMX, Rodrigues HG, Mani F, Fernandes AAH, Cicogna CH, Novelli JVLB: Anthropometrical parameters and markers of obesity in rats. Lab Anim 2007, 41:111-119.
• [7]Peckham SL, Entenman C, Carrol HW: The influence of a hypercaloric diet on gross body and adipose tissue composition in the rat. J Nutr 1962, 77:187-198.
• [8]Lavie CJ, Milani RV: Obesity and cardiovascular disease: the Hippocrates paradox? J Am Coll Cardiol 2003, 42:677-679.
• [9]Eisenstein I, Edelstein J, Sarma R, Sanmarco M, Selvester RH: The electrocardiogram in obesity. J Electrocardiol 1982, 5:115-118.
• [10]Frank S, Colliver JA, Frank A: The electrocardiogram in obesity: statistical analysis of 1,029 patients. J Am Coll Cardiol 1986, 7:295-299.
• [11]Russo V, Ammendola E, De Crescenzo I, Docimo L, Santangelo L, Calabrò R: Severe obesity and P-wave dispersion: the effect of surgically induced weight loss. Obes Surg 2008, 1:90-96.
• [12]Kosar F, Aksoy Y, Fahri A, Keskin L, Sahin I: P-Wave Duration and Dispersion in Obese Subjects. Ann Noninvasave Electrocardiol 2008, 13:3-7.
• [13]Russo V, Ammendola E, De Crescenzo I, Ricciardi D, Capuano P, Topatino A, Docimo L, Santangelo L, Calabrò R: Effect of weight loss following bariatric surgery on myocardial dispersion of repolarization in morbidly obese patients. Obes Surg 2007, 7:857-865.
• [14]Papaioannou A, Michaloudis D, Fraidakis O, Petrou A, Chaniotaki F, Kanoupakis E, Stamatiou G, Melissas J, Askitopoulou H: Effects of weight loss on Qt interval in morbidly obese patients. Obes Surg 2003, 13:869-873.
• [15]Nutrient requirements for laboratory animals, fourth revised edition 1995. [http://www.nap.edu/catalog/4758/nutrient-requirements-oflaboratory-animals-fourth-revised-edition-1995 webcite [Accessed on 30th December 2014]
• [16]Bazett HC: An analysis of time relations of the electrocardiograms. Heart 1920, 7:353-370.
• [17]National Institutes of health: Guide for care and use of laboratory animals. 1985. [NIH publication No. 86–23]
• [18]Voipio M, Baneux P, de Segura G, Hau J, Wolfensohn S: Guidelines for the veterinary care of laboratory animals: report of the FELASA/ECLAM/ESLAV Joint Working Group on Veterinary Care. Laboratory Animals 2008, 42:1-11.
• [19]Rhamouni K, Correira MLG, Haynes WG, Marl AL: Obesity-Associated Hypertension: New Insights into Mechanisms. Hypertension 2005, 45:9-14.
• [20]Fraley MA, Birchem JA, Senkottaiyan N, Alpert MA: Obesity and the electrocardiogram. Obes Rev 2005, 6:275-281.
• [21]Wexler BC, Willen D, Greenberg BP: Electrocardiographic differences between non-arteriosclerotic and arteriosclerotic rats. Atherosclerosis 1973, 18:129-140.
• [22]Corral AR, Somers VK, Johnson SJ, Thomas RJ, Clavell ML, Korinek J, Allison TG, Batsis JA, Kuniyoshi FH, Jimenez FL: Accuracy of body mass index in diagnosing obesity in the adult general population. Int J Obes (Lond) 2008, 32:959-966.
• [23]Mitchell G, Jeron A, Koren G: Measurement of heart rate and QT interval in the conscious mouse. Am J Physio Heart Circ Physiol 1998, 274:747-751.