Body mass index and quality of life among outpatients with schizophrenia in Japan

BMC Psychiatry

Sunao Kaneko¹  Shuhei Kudo¹  Taku Nakagami⁴  Hanako Furukori²  Manabu Saito¹  Yasushi Sato³  Norio Yasui-Furukori¹  Norio Sugawara¹ 

[1] Department of Neuropsychiatry, Hirosaki University School of Medicine, Hirosaki, Japan;Department of Psychiatry, Kuroishi-Akebono Hospital, Kuroishi, Japan;Department of Psychiatry, Hirosaki-Aiseikai Hospital, Hirosaki, Japan;Department of Psychiatry, Odate Municipal General Hospital, Odate, Japan

关键词: Japan;    Schizophrenia;    Quality of life;    Body mass index;   

Others  :  1124086
DOI  :  10.1186/1471-244X-13-108

 received in 2012-09-21, accepted in 2013-04-03,  发布年份 2013

【 摘 要 】

Background

Obesity is becoming more prevalent and thus growing as a public health concern in patients with schizophrenia. This investigation evaluated the relationship between body weight and the self-reported quality of life (QOL) of Japanese patients with schizophrenia.

Methods

We recruited outpatients (n=225) aged 42.5 ± 12.8 (mean ± SD) years with a DSM-IV diagnosis of schizophrenia who were admitted to psychiatric hospitals. This study used a cross-sectional design. The assessments included an interview to obtain sociodemographic data, the second version of the Short Form Health Survey (SF-36v2), the 10-item version of the Drug Attitude Inventory (DAI-10), the Clinical Global Impression-Severity (CGI-S) and height and weight measurements. SF-36v2 subscores were examined for differences based on the following body mass index (BMI) categories: healthy weight (BMI < 24.9), overweight (BMI 25–29.9) and obese (BMI > 30). A multiple regression analysis was employed to assess the relationship between these BMI categories and QOL outcomes.

Results

The overall prevalence of obesity in our sample was 16.4%. A multiple regression model revealed that age, gender, DAI-10 scores, CGI-S scores, social functioning, role emotional functioning, mental health, and Mental Composite Summary (MCS) score were significantly and positively associated with overweight status. Physical functioning, general health, role emotional functioning, mental health, and a physical composite summary (PCS) score were significantly and negatively associated with obesity.

Conclusions

The burden of obesity is both a physical and a mental problem. An obesity intervention program for patients with schizophrenia may improve health-related QOL in patients with schizophrenia.

【 授权许可】

   
2013 Sugawara et al.; licensee BioMed Central Ltd.

【 参考文献 】

• [1]Allison DB, Casey DE: Antipsychotic-induced weight gain: a review of the literature. J Clin Psychiatry 2001, 62(7):22-31.
• [2]Susce MT, Villanueva N, Diaz FJ, de Leon J: Obesity and associated complications in patients with severe mental illnesses: a cross-sectional survey. J Clin Psychiatry 2005, 66(2):167-173.
• [3]Dickerson FB, Brown CH, Kreyenbuhl JA, Fang L, Goldberg RW, Wohlheiter K, Dixon LB: Obesity among individuals with serious mental illness. Acta Psychiatr Scand 2006, 113(4):306-313.
• [4]Martin RL, Cloninger CR, Guze SB, Clayton PJ: Mortality in a follow-up of psychiatric outpatients, I. Total mortality. Arch Gen Psychiatry 1985, 42(1):47-54.
• [5]Allebeck P: Schizophrenia: a life-shortening disease. Schizophr Bull 1989, 15(1):81-89.
• [6]Leucht S, Burkard T, Henderson J, Maj M, Sartorius N: Physical illness and schizophrenia: a review of the literature. Acta Psychiatr Scand 2007, 116(5):317-333.
• [7]Chwastiak LA, Rosenheck RA, McEvoy JP, Stroup TS, Swartz MS, Davis SM, Lieberman JA: The impact of obesity on health care costs among persons with schizophrenia. Gen Hosp Psychiatry 2009, 31(1):1-7.
• [8]De Hert M, Peuskens B, van Winkel R, Kalnicka D, Hanssens L, Van Eyck D, Wyckaert S, Peuskens J: Body weight and self-esteem in patients with schizophrenia evaluated with B-WISE. Schizophr Res 2006, 88(1–3):222-226.
• [9]Weiden PJ, Mackell JA, McDonnell DD: Obesity as a risk factor for antipsychotic noncompliance. Schizophr Res 2004, 66(1):51-57.
• [10]Allison DB, Mackell JA, McDonnell DD: The impact of weight gain on quality of life among persons with schizophrenia. Psychiatr Serv 2003, 54(4):565-567.
• [11]Gupta S, Kulhara P, Verma SK: Quality of life in schizophrenia and dysthymia. Acta Psychiatr Scand 1998, 97(4):290-296.
• [12]Strassnig M, Brar JS, Ganguli R: Body mass index and quality of life in community-dwelling patients with schizophrenia. Schizophr Res 2003, 62(1–2):73-76.
• [13]Faulkner G, Cohn T, Remington G, Irving H: Body mass index, waist circumference and quality of life in individuals with schizophrenia. Schizophr Res 2007, 90(1–3):174-178.
• [14]Kolotkin RL, Corey-Lisle PK, Crosby RD, Swanson JM, Tuomari AV, L’italien GJ, Mitchell JE: Impact of obesity on health-related quality of life in schizophrenia and bipolar disorder. Obesity 2008, 16(4):749-754.
• [15]Albright CL, Steffen AD, Wilkens LR, Henderson BE, Kolonel LN: The prevalence of obesity in ethnic admixture adults. Obesity 2008, 16(5):1138-1143.
• [16]Arai H, Yamamoto A, Matsuzawa Y, Saito Y, Yamada N, Oikawa S, Mabuchi H, Teramoto T, Sasaki J, Nakaya N, Itakura H, Ishikawa Y, Ouchi Y, Horibe H, Shirahashi N, Kita T: Prevalence of metabolic syndrome in the general Japanese population in 2000. J Atheroscler Thromb 2006, 13(4):202-208.
• [17]Ford ES, Giles WH, Dietz WH: Prevalence of the metabolic syndrome among US adults: findings from the third National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. JAMA 2002, 287(3):356-359.
• [18]Fontaine KR, Barofsky I: Obesity and health-related quality of life. Obes Rev 2001, 2(3):173-182.
• [19]Kolotkin RL, Meter K, Williams GR: Quality of life and obesity. Obes Rev 2001, 2(4):219-229.
• [20]Funahashi K, Takahashi I, Danjo K, Matsuzaka M, Umeda T, Nakaji S: Smoking habits and health-related quality of life in a rural Japanese population. Qual Life Res 2011, 20(2):199-204.
• [21]Sugawara N, Sasaki A, Yasui-Furukori N, Kakehata S, Umeda T, Namba A, Nakaji S, Shinkawa H, Kaneko S: Hearing impairment and cognitive function among a community-dwelling population in Japan. Ann Gen Psychiatry 2011, 10(1):27. BioMed Central Full Text
• [22]Faulkner G, Cohn T, Remington G: Interventions to reduce weight gain in schizophrenia. Schizophr Bull 2007, 33(3):654-656.
• [23]Moore DJ, Williams DR: Emotional distress about weight gain and attitude to goal achievement failure as predictors of self-regulatory efficacy: does ethnicity make a difference? J Health Psychol 2011, 16(6):895-904.
• [24]Sivalingam SK, Ashraf J, Vallurupalli N, Friderici J, Cook J, Rothberg MB: Ethnic differences in the self-recognition of obesity and obesity-related comorbidities: a cross-sectional analysis. J Gen Intern Med 2011, 26(6):616-620.
• [25]Vancampfort D, Probst M, Sweers K, Maurissen K, Knapen J, De Hert M: Relationships between obesity, functional exercise capacity, physical activity participation and physical self-perception in people with schizophrenia. Acta Psychiatr Scand 2011, 123(6):423-430.
• [26]Vancampfort D, Probst M, Scheewe T, De Herdt A, Sweers K, Knapen J, van Winkel R, De Hert M: Relationships between physical fitness, physical activity, smoking and metabolic and mental health parameters in people with schizophrenia. Psychiatry Res 2012. in press
• [27]Caemmerer J, Correll CU, Maayan L: Acute and maintenance effects of non-pharmacologic interventions for antipsychotic associated weight gain and metabolic abnormalities: a meta-analytic comparison of randomized controlled trials. Schizophr Res 2012, 140(1–3):159-168.
• [28]Vancampfort D, Probst M, Scheewe T, Maurissen K, Sweers K, Knapen J, De Hert M: Lack of physical activity during leisure time contributes to an impaired health related quality of life in patients with schizophrenia. Schizophr Res 2011, 129(2–3):122-127.
• [29]Vancampfort D, Knapen J, Probst M, Scheewe T, Remans S, De Hert M: A systematic review of correlates of physical activity in patients with schizophrenia. Acta Psychiatr Scand 2012, 125(5):352-362.