Alteration in global motor strategy following lateral ankle sprain

BMC Musculoskeletal Disorders

Jean Leblond²  Luc J Hébert¹  Marc Perron¹  Laurent J Bouyer²  Hélène Moffet²  Maude Bastien² 

[1] National Defense of Canada- Canadian Forces Health, Quebec, QC, Canada;Centre for Interdisciplinary Research and Social Integration (CIRRIS), Quebec Rehabilitation Institute, 525 boulevard Hamel, G1M 2S8 Quebec, QC, Canada

关键词: Ankle sprain;    Musculoskeletal disorders;    Motor control;    SEBT;   

Others  :  1090458
DOI  :  10.1186/1471-2474-15-436

 received in 2013-09-30, accepted in 2014-12-05,  发布年份 2014

【 摘 要 】

Background

Lateral ankle sprain (LAS) has often been considered an injury leading to localized joint impairments affecting the musculoskeletal system. Persistent chronic ankle instability and bilateral alterations in motor control after a first ankle sprain episode suggest that the origin of relapses might be a maladaptive reorganization of central motor commands. The objectives of this study were (1) to compare the quality of motor control through motor strategy variables of two groups (with and without LAS) from a military population (n = 10/group), (2) to evaluate the contribution of the lower limbs and the trunk to global body strategy and (3) to identify which global variable best estimates performance on the Star Excursion Balance Test (SEBT) for each group, reaching direction, and lower limb.

Methods

Personal and clinical characteristics of the participants of both groups were collected. Their functional ability was measured using questionnaires and they performed a series of functional tests including the SEBT. During this test, the maximal reach distance (MRD) and biomechanical data were collected to characterize whole body and segmental strategies using a 3D motion capture system.

Results

At maximal lower limb reach, participants with LAS had a smaller variation in their vertical velocity in lowering-straightening and lowered the body centre of mass less for all injured limb conditions and some conditions with the uninjured lower limb. The global body centre of mass variables were significantly correlated to SEBT performance (MRD).

Conclusion

Modifications in global motor strategies were found in participants with LAS as well as a decreased performance on the SEBT for the injured and uninjured lower limbs. These results support the hypothesis that following LAS, there may be a maladaptive reorganization of the central motor commands. Level of evidence: 3b.

【 授权许可】

   
2014 Bastien et al.; licensee BioMed Central.

【 图 表 】

Figure 1.

Figure 2.

Figure 3.

Figure 4.

【 参考文献 】

• [1]Yeung MS, Chan KM, So CH, Yuan WY: An epidemiological survey on ankle sprain. Br J Sports Med 1994, 28:112-116.
• [2]Hootman JM, Dick R, Agel J: Epidemiology of collegiate injuries for 15 sports: summary and recommendations for injury prevention initiatives. J Athl Train 2007, 42:311-319.
• [3]Fong DT, Hong Y, Chan LK, Yung PS, Chan KM: A systematic review on ankle injury and ankle sprain in sports. Sports Med 2007, 37:73-94.
• [4]Davidson PL, Chalmers DJ, Wilson BD, McBride D: Lower limb injuries in New Zealand defence force personnel: descriptive epidemiology. Aust N Z J Public Health 2008, 32:167-173.
• [5]Cameron KL, Owens BD, Deberardino TM: Incidence of ankle sprains among active-duty members of the United States Armed Services from 1998 through 2006. J Athl Train 2010, 45:29-38.
• [6]Waterman BR, Owens BD, Davey S, Zacchilli MA, Belmont PJ Jr: The epidemiology of ankle sprains in the United States. J Bone Joint Surg Am 2010, 92:2279-2284.
• [7]Doherty C, Delahunt E, Caulfield B, Hertel J, Ryan J, Bleakley C: The incidence and prevalence of ankle sprain injury: a systematic review and meta-analysis of prospective epidemiological studies. Sports Med 2014, 44:123-140.
• [8]van Rijn RM, Willemsen SP, Verhagen AP, Koes BW, Bierma-Zeinstra SM: Explanatory variables for adult patients’ self-reported recovery after acute lateral ankle sprain. Phys Ther 2011, 91:77-84.
• [9]Wikstrom EA, Naik S, Lodha N, Cauraugh JH: Balance capabilities after lateral ankle trauma and intervention: a meta-analysis. Med Sci Sports Exerc 2009, 41:1287-1295.
• [10]Evans T, Hertel J, Sebastianelli W: Bilateral deficits in postural control following lateral ankle sprain. Foot Ankle Int 2004, 25:833-839.
• [11]Hass CJ, Bishop MD, Doidge D, Wikstrom EA: Chronic ankle instability alters central organization of movement. Am J Sports Med 2010, 38:829-834.
• [12]Wikstrom EA, Naik S, Lodha N, Cauraugh JH: Bilateral balance impairments after lateral ankle trauma: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Gait Posture 2010, 31:407-414.
• [13]McKeon PO, Hertel J: Systematic review of postural control and lateral ankle instability, part I: can deficits be detected with instrumented testing. J Athl Train 2008, 43:293-304.
• [14]Doherty C, Bleakley C, Hertel J, Caulfield B, Ryan J, Delahunt E: Postural control strategies during single limb stance following acute lateral ankle sprain. Clin Biomech (Bristol, Avon) 2014, 29:643-649.
• [15]Doherty C, Bleakley C, Hertel J, Caulfield B, Ryan J, Delahunt E: Single-leg drop landing motor control strategies following acute ankle sprain injury. Scand J Med Sci Sports 2014. 2014 Jun 27. doi:10.1111/sms.12282. [Epub ahead of print]
• [16]Doherty C, Bleakley C, Hertel J, Sweeney K, Caulfield B, Ryan J, Delahunt E: Lower extremity coordination and symmetry patterns during a drop vertical jump task following acute ankle sprain. Hum Mov Sci 2014, 38C:34-46.
• [17]Konradsen L, Bech L, Ehrenbjerg M, Nickelsen T: Seven years follow-up after ankle inversion trauma. Scand J Med Sci Sports 2002, 12:129-135.
• [18]Gribble PA, Delahunt E, Bleakley C, Caulfield B, Docherty CL, Fourchet F, Hertel J, Hiller CE, Kaminski TW, McKeon PO, Refshauge KM, van der Wees P, Vicenzino W, Wikstrom EA: Selection criteria for patients with chronic ankle instability in controlled research: a position statement of the International Ankle Consortium. J Orthop Sports Phys Ther 2013, 43:585-591.
• [19]Masse-Alarie H, Flamand VH, Moffet H, Schneider C: Corticomotor control of deep abdominal muscles in chronic low back pain and anticipatory postural adjustments. Exp Brain Res 2012, 218:99-109.
• [20]McKeon PO, Booi MJ, Branam B, Johnson DL, Mattacola CG: Lateral ankle ligament anesthesia significantly alters single limb postural control. Gait Posture 2010, 32:374-377.
• [21]Tsao H, Galea MP, Hodges PW: Reorganization of the motor cortex is associated with postural control deficits in recurrent low back pain. Brain 2008, 131:2161-2171.
• [22]Hoch MC, McKeon PO, Andreatta RD: Plantar vibrotactile detection deficits in adults with chronic ankle instability. Med Sci Sports Exerc 2012, 44:666-672.
• [23]McKeon PO, Hertel J: Spatiotemporal postural control deficits are present in those with chronic ankle instability. BMC Musculoskelet Disord 2008, 9:76. BioMed Central Full Text
• [24]Wikstrom EA, Fournier KA, McKeon PO: Postural control differs between those with and without chronic ankle instability. Gait Posture 2010, 32:82-86.
• [25]Munn J, Sullivan SJ, Schneiders AG: Evidence of sensorimotor deficits in functional ankle instability: a systematic review with meta-analysis. J Sci Med Sport 2010, 13:2-12.
• [26]Hiller CE, Nightingale EJ, Lin CW, Coughlan GF, Caulfield B, Delahunt E: Characteristics of people with recurrent ankle sprains: a systematic review with meta-analysis. Br J Sports Med 2011, 45:660-672.
• [27]Delahunt E, Monaghan K, Caulfield B: Ankle function during hopping in subjects with functional instability of the ankle joint. Scand J Med Sci Sports 2007, 17:641-648.
• [28]Gutierrez GM, Knight CA, Swanik CB, Royer T, Manal K, Caulfield B, Kaminski TW: Examining neuromuscular control during landings on a supinating platform in persons with and without ankle instability. Am J Sports Med 2012, 40:193-201.
• [29]Lin CF, Chen CY, Lin CW: Dynamic ankle control in athletes with ankle instability during sports maneuvers. Am J Sports Med 2011, 39:2007-2015.
• [30]Brown C, Bowser B, Simpson KJ: Movement variability during single leg jump landings in individuals with and without chronic ankle instability. Clin Biomech (Bristol, Avon) 2012, 27:52-63.
• [31]Brown C, Padua D, Marshall SW, Guskiewicz K: Individuals with mechanical ankle instability exhibit different motion patterns than those with functional ankle instability and ankle sprain copers. Clin Biomech (Bristol, Avon) 2008, 23:822-831.
• [32]Bouisset S, Do MC: Posture, dynamic stability, and voluntary movement. Neurophysiol Clin 2008, 38:345-362.
• [33]Kawato M: Internal models for motor control and trajectory planning. Curr Opin Neurobiol 1999, 9:718-727.
• [34]Kawato M, Kuroda T, Imamizu H, Nakano E, Miyauchi S, Yoshioka T: Internal forward models in the cerebellum: fMRI study on grip force and load force coupling. Prog Brain Res 2003, 142:171-188.
• [35]Kertzman C, Schwarz U, Zeffiro TA, Hallett M: The role of posterior parietal cortex in visually guided reaching movements in humans. Exp Brain Res 1997, 114:170-183.
• [36]Clark RC, Saxion CE, Cameron KL, Gerber JP: Associations between three clinical assessment tools for postural stability. N Am J Sports Phys Ther 2010, 5:122-130.
• [37]Munro AG, Herrington LC: Between-session reliability of the star excursion balance test. Phys Ther Sport 2010, 11:128-132.
• [38]Kinzey SJ, Armstrong CW: The reliability of the star-excursion test in assessing dynamic balance. J Orthop Sports Phys Ther 1998, 27:356-360.
• [39]Arnold BL, De La MS, Linens S, Ross SE: Ankle instability is associated with balance impairments: a meta-analysis. Med Sci Sports Exerc 2009, 41:1048-1062.
• [40]McGuine TA, Greene JJ, Best T, Leverson G: Balance as a predictor of ankle injuries in high school basketball players. Clin J Sport Med 2000, 10:239-244.
• [41]Gribble PA, Hertel J: Considerations for normalizing Measures of the Star Excursion Balance Test. Meas Phys Ed Exerc Sc 2003, 7:89-100.
• [42]Filipa A, Byrnes R, Paterno MV, Myer GD, Hewett TE: Neuromuscular training improves performance on the star excursion balance test in young female athletes. J Orthop Sports Phys Ther 2010, 40:551-558.
• [43]McLeod TC, Armstrong T, Miller M, Sauers JL: Balance improvements in female high school basketball players after a 6-week neuromuscular-training program. J Sport Rehabil 2009, 18:465-481.
• [44]Sefton JM, Yarar C, Hicks-Little CA, Berry JW, Cordova ML: Six weeks of balance training improves sensorimotor function in individuals with chronic ankle instability. J Orthop Sports Phys Ther 2011, 41:81-89.
• [45]Delahunt E, Sweeney L, Chawke M, Kelleher J, Murphy K, Patterson M, Prendiville A: Lower limb kinematic alterations during drop vertical jumps in female athletes who have undergone anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction. J Orthop Res 2012, 30:72-78.
• [46]Gribble PA, Hertel J, Plisky P: Using the Star Excursion Balance Test to assess dynamic postural-control deficits and outcomes in lower extremity injury: a literature and systematic review. J Athl Train 2012, 47:339-357.
• [47]Norris B, Trudelle-Jackson E: Hip- and thigh-muscle activation during the star excursion balance test. J Sport Rehabil 2011, 20:428-441.
• [48]Gribble PA, Robinson RH: Alterations in knee kinematics and dynamic stability associated with chronic ankle instability. J Athl Train 2009, 44:350-355.
• [49]Robinson R, Gribble P: Kinematic predictors of performance on the Star Excursion Balance Test. J Sport Rehabil 2008, 17:347-357.
• [50]Iqbal K, Pai Y: Predicted region of stability for balance recovery: motion at the knee joint can improve termination of forward movement. J Biomech 2000, 33:1619-1627.
• [51]Nashner LM: Organization and programming of motor activity during posture control. Prog Brain Res 1979, 50:177-184.
• [52]Pai YC, Patton J: Center of mass velocity-position predictions for balance control. J Biomech 1997, 30:347-354.
• [53]Ross SE, Guskiewicz KM, Gross MT, Yu B: Balance measures for discriminating between functionally unstable and stable ankles. Med Sci Sports Exerc 2009, 41:399-407.
• [54]Alonso A, Khoury L, Adams R: Clinical tests for ankle syndesmosis injury: reliability and prediction of return to function. J Orthop Sports Phys Ther 1998, 27:276-284.
• [55]Brosky T, Nyland J, Nitz A, Caborn DN: The ankle ligaments: consideration of syndesmotic injury and implications for rehabilitation. J Orthop Sports Phys Ther 1995, 21:197-205.
• [56]Magee D: Orthopedic Physical Assessment. Philadelphia: Elsevier; 2008.
• [57]Porter DA: Evaluation and treatment of ankle syndesmosis injuries. Instr Course Lect 2009, 58:575-581.
• [58]Hale SA, Hertel J: Reliability and Sensitivity of the Foot and Ankle Disability Index in Subjects With Chronic Ankle Instability. J Athl Train 2005, 40:35-40.
• [59]Martin RL, Irrgang JJ: A survey of self-reported outcome instruments for the foot and ankle. J Orthop Sports Phys Ther 2007, 37:72-84.
• [60]Eechaute C, Vaes P, Van Aerschot L, Asman S, Duquet W: The clinimetric qualities of patient-assessed instruments for measuring chronic ankle instability: a systematic review. BMC Musculoskelet Disord 2007, 8:6. BioMed Central Full Text
• [61]Alcock G, Stratford P: Validation of the Lower Extremity Functional Scale on athletic subjects with ankle sprains. Physiother Can 2002, 54:233-240.
• [62]Hertel J, Braham RA, Hale SA, Olmsted-Kramer LC: Simplifying the star excursion balance test: analyses of subjects with and without chronic ankle instability. J Orthop Sports Phys Ther 2006, 36:131-137.
• [63]Robinson RH, Gribble PA: Support for a reduction in the number of trials needed for the star excursion balance test. Arch Phys Med Rehabil 2008, 89:364-370.
• [64]Hale SA, Hertel J, Olmsted-Kramer LC: The effect of a 4-week comprehensive rehabilitation program on postural control and lower extremity function in individuals with chronic ankle instability. J Orthop Sports Phys Ther 2007, 37:303-311.
• [65]Olmsted LC, Carcia CR, Hertel J, Shultz SJ: Efficacy of the Star Excursion Balance Tests in Detecting Reach Deficits in Subjects With Chronic Ankle Instability. J Athl Train 2002, 37:501-506.
• [66]Dempster WT, Gaughran GRL: Properties of Body Segments Based on Size and Weight. Am J Anat 1967, 120:33-54.
• [67]Winter DA: Biomechanics and Motor Control of Human Movement, Second Edition edn. New York: John Wiley & Sons; 1990.
• [68]Hughey LK, Fung J: Postural responses triggered by multidirectional leg lifts and surface tilts. Exp Brain Res 2005, 165:152-166.
• [69]Kung UM, Horlings CG, Honegger F, Allum JH: The effect of voluntary lateral trunk bending on balance recovery following multi-directional stance perturbations. Exp Brain Res 2010, 202:851-865.
• [70]Kluzik J, Peterka RJ, Horak FB: Adaptation of postural orientation to changes in surface inclination. Exp Brain Res 2007, 178:1-17.
• [71]Gribble PA, Hertel J, Denegar CR: Chronic ankle instability and fatigue create proximal joint alterations during performance of the Star Excursion Balance Test. Int J Sports Med 2007, 28:236-242.
• [72]Hoch MC, Staton GS, McKeon PO: Dorsiflexion range of motion significantly influences dynamic balance. J Sci Med Sport 2011, 14:90-92.
• [73]Hindle RJ, Pearcy MJ, Cross A: Mechanical function of the human lumbar interspinous and supraspinous ligaments. J Biomed Eng 1990, 12:340-344.