Increasing late stage colorectal cancer and rectal cancer mortality demonstrates the need for screening: a population based study in Ireland, 1994-2010

BMC Gastroenterology

Linda Sharp²  Patricia M Kearney¹  Joseph McDevitt²  Nicholas Clarke¹ 

[1] Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, Fourth Floor, Western Gateway Building, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland;National Cancer Registry, Building 6800, Cork Airport Business Park, Kinsale Road, Cork, Ireland

关键词: Rectal;    Colon;    Mass screening;    Mortality;    Survival;    Incidence;    Ireland;    Cancer;    Colorectal;   

Others  :  855238
DOI  :  10.1186/1471-230X-14-92

 received in 2013-12-13, accepted in 2014-05-01,  发布年份 2014

【 摘 要 】

Background

This paper describes trends in colorectal cancer incidence, survival and mortality from 1994 to 2010 in Ireland prior to the introduction of population-based screening.

Methods

We examined incidence (National Cancer Registry Ireland (NCRI) and mortality (Central Statistics Office) from 1994 to 2010. Age standardised rates (ASR) for incidence and mortality have been calculated, weighted by the European standard population. Annual percentage change was calculated in addition to testing for linear trends in treatment and case fraction of early and late stage disease. Relative survival was calculated considering deaths from all causes.

Results

The colorectal cancer ASR was 63.7 per 100,000 in males and 38.7 per 100,000 in females in 2010. There was little change in the ASR over time in either sex, or when colon and rectal cancers were considered separately; however the number of incident cancers increased significantly during 1994-2010 (1752 to 2298). The case fractions of late stage (III/IV) colon and rectal cancers rose significantly over time. One and 5 year relative survival improved for both sexes between the periods 1994-2008. Colorectal cancer mortality ASRs decreased annually from 1994-2009 by 1.8% (95% CI -2.2, -1.4). Rectal cancer mortality ASRs rose annually by 2.4% (95% CI 1.1, 3.6) and 2.8% (95% CI 1.2, 4.4) in males and females respectively.

Conclusions

Increases in late-stage disease and rectal cancer mortality demonstrate an urgent need for colorectal cancer screening. However, the narrow age range at which screening is initially being rolled-out in Ireland means that the full potential for reductions in late-stage cancers and incidence and mortality are unlikely to be achieved. While it is possible that the observed increase in rectal cancer mortality may be partly an artefact of cause of death misclassification, it could also be explained by variations in treatment and adherence to best practice guidelines; further investigation is warranted.

【 授权许可】

   
2014 Clarke et al.; licensee BioMed Central Ltd.

【 图 表 】

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