Taxonomy and evolution of bacteriochlorophyll a-containing members of the OM60/NOR5 clade of marine gammaproteobacteria: description of Luminiphilus syltensis gen. nov., sp. nov., reclassification of Haliea rubra as Pseudohaliea rubra gen. nov., comb. nov., and emendation of Chromatocurvus halotolerans

BMC Microbiology

Bernhard M Fuchs³  Jens Harder²  Shi Yan⁴  Cathrin Spröer¹  Thomas Riedel⁵  Stefan Spring¹ 

[1] Leibniz Institute DSMZ, German Collection of Microorganisms and Cell Cultures, Inhoffenstr. 7B, Braunschweig 38124, Germany;Department of Microbiology, Max Planck Institute for Marine Microbiology, Celsiusstr. 1, Bremen 28359, Germany;Department of Molecular Ecology, Max Planck Institute for Marine Microbiology, Celsiusstr. 1, Bremen 28359, Germany;Present address: Group of Computational Genetics, CAS-MPG Partner Institute for Computational Biology, SIBS, CAS, Shanghai 200433, China;Present address: Observatoire Océanologique de Banyuls, Université P. et M. Curie, UMR-CNRS 7621, Laboratoire Arago, Banyuls-sur-Mer 66650, France

关键词: Coastal marine environment;    Picoplankton;    Mixotroph;    Proteorhodopsin;    Aerobic anoxygenic photoheterotroph;    Phylogeny;   

Others  :  1143690
DOI  :  10.1186/1471-2180-13-118

 received in 2013-01-29, accepted in 2013-05-16,  发布年份 2013

【 摘 要 】

Background

Aerobic gammaproteobacteria affiliated to the OM60/NOR5 clade are widespread in saline environments and of ecological importance in several marine ecosystems, especially the euphotic zone of coastal areas. Within this group a close relationship between aerobic anoxygenic photoheterotrophs and non-phototrophic members has been found.

Results

Several strains of aerobic red-pigmented bacteria affiliated to the OM60/NOR5 clade were obtained from tidal flat sediment samples at the island of Sylt (North Sea, Germany). Two of the novel isolates, Rap1red and Ivo14^T, were chosen for an analysis in detail. Strain Rap1red shared a 16S rRNA sequence identity of 99% with the type strain of Congregibacter litoralis and was genome-sequenced to reveal the extent of genetic microheterogeneity among closely related strains within this clade. In addition, a draft genome sequence was obtained from the isolate Ivo14^T, which belongs to the environmental important NOR5-1 lineage that contains so far no cultured representative with a comprehensive description. Strain Ivo14^T was characterized using a polyphasic approach and compared with other red-pigmented members of the OM60/NOR5 clade, including Congregibacter litoralis DSM 17192^T, Haliea rubra DSM 19751^T and Chromatocurvus halotolerans DSM 23344^T. All analyzed strains contained bacteriochlorophyll a and spirilloxanthin as photosynthetic pigments. Besides a detailed phenotypic characterization including physiological and chemotaxonomic traits, sequence information based on protein-coding genes and a comparison of draft genome data sets were used to identify possible features characteristic for distinct taxa within this clade.

Conclusions

Comparative sequence analyses of the pufLM genes of genome-sequenced representatives of the OM60/NOR5 clade indicated that the photosynthetic apparatus of these species was derived from a common ancestor and not acquired by multiple horizontal gene transfer from phylogenetically distant species. An affiliation of the characterized bacteriochlorophyll a-containing strains to different genera was indicated by significant phenotypic differences and pufLM nucleotide sequence identity values below 82%. The revealed high genotypic and phenotypic diversity of closely related strains within this phylogenetic group reflects a rapid evolution and frequent niche separation in the OM60/NOR5 clade, which is possibly driven by the necessities of an adaptation to oligotrophic marine habitats.

【 授权许可】

   
2013 Spring et al.; licensee BioMed Central Ltd.

【 图 表 】

Figure 1.

Figure 2.

Figure 3.

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