Comprehensive assessment of phenolics and antiradical potential of Rumex hastatus D. Don. roots

BMC Complementary and Alternative Medicine

Rahmat Ali Khan²  Muhammad Rashid Khan¹  Sumaira Sahreen¹ 

[1]Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University Islamabad, Islamabad 44000, Pakistan

[2]Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, University of Science and Technology, Bannu, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa 20100, Pakistan

关键词: HPLC;    Phenolics;    Solvent extraction;    Antioxidant activity;    Rumex hastatus;   

Others  :  1220274
DOI  :  10.1186/1472-6882-14-47

 received in 2013-03-05, accepted in 2014-02-05,  发布年份 2014

【 摘 要 】

Background

Roots of Rumex hastatus (Polygonaceae) are traditionally used for the treatment of various ailments including liver and lung diseases. In this study, various solvent extracts of R. hastatus roots, like methanolic, n-hexane, ethyl acetate, chloroform, butanol and aqueous fractions were assessed through their antioxidant properties in vitro and determination of phenolic contents.

Methods

Several parameters like DPPH˙, ABTS˙⁺, ˙OH, H₂O₂, superoxide free radical scavenging, iron chelating power, reducing power, β-carotene bleaching power, antioxidant capacity and total phenolics and flavonoids were evaluated. High Performance liquid Chromatography (HPLC) was also considered.

Results

Though all the fractions exhibited dose dependant activity. The samples with the highest activity were the butanol and methanol fractions in all the assays except hydrogen peroxide radical scavenging assay where chloroform fraction showed the highest scavenging aptitude. On the other hand, aquous fraction showed significant beta carotene linoleic acid, while n-hexane and ethyl acetate fractions exhibited a lesser antioxidant activity in all the assays. HPLC revealed the presence of rutin, luteolin-7-glucoside, vitexin and luteolin.

Conclusion

These results have to some extent substantiated the use of R. hastatus roots against different diseases, as an excellent basis of potential antioxidant due to the presence of sufficient amount of phenolics such as rutin and luteolin.

【 授权许可】

   
2014 Sahreen et al.; licensee BioMed Central Ltd.

【 图 表 】

Figure 1.

Figure 3.

Figure 4.

Figure 5.

Figure 6.

【 参考文献 】

• [1]Qaiser M: Polygonaceae. In Flora of Pakistan. Edited by Ali SI, Qaiser M. Karachi: Department of Botany, University of Karachi; 2001:139-141.
• [2]Shinwari ZK, Gilani SS: Sustainable harvest of medicinal plants at Bulashbar Nullah, Astore (Northern Pakistan). J Ethnopharmacol 2003, 84:289-298.
• [3]Gorsi MS, Miraj S: Ethnomedicinal survey of plants of Khanabad village and its allied areas, district Gilgit. Asi J Pl Sci 2002, 1:604-615.
• [4]Ullah A, Rashid A: Weeds and livelihood in Mankial valley, Hindukush range, Pakistan. Pak J Weed Sci Res 2007, 13:27-32.
• [5]Vermani K, Garg S: Herbal medicines for sexually transmitted diseases and AIDS. J Ethnopharmacol 2001, 80:49-66.
• [6]Kinsella JE, Frankel E, German B, Kanner J: Possible mechanisms for the protective role of antioxidants in wine and plant foods. Food Tech 1993, 47:85-89.
• [7]Halliwell B, Gutteridge JMC: Free Radicals in Biology and Medicine. Oxford: Oxford University Press; 1999.
• [8]Ozsoy N, Can A, Yanardag R, Akev N: Antioxidant activity of Smilax excelsa leaf extracts. Food Chem 2008, 110:571-583.
• [9]Baratto MC, Tattini M, Galardi C, Pinelli P, Romani A, Visiolid F, et al.: Antioxidant activity of Galloyl quinic derivatives isolated from Pistacia lentiscus leaves. Free Rad Res 2003, 37(4):405-412.
• [10]Anderson D: Antioxidant defences against reactive oxygen species causing genetic and other damage. Mut Res 1999, 350:103-108.
• [11]Whysner J, Wang CX, Zang E, Iatropoulos MJ, Williams GM: Dose response of promotion of butylated hydroxyanisole in chemically initiated tumors of the rat fore stomach. Food Chem Toxicol 1994, 32:215-222.
• [12]Javanraedi J, Stushnoff C, Locke E, Vivanco JM: Antioxidant activity and total phenolic content of Iranian Ocimum accessions. Food Chem 2003, 83:547-550.
• [13]Badami S, Gupta MK, Suresh B: Antioxidant activity of the ethanolic extract of Striga orobanchioides. J Ethnopharmacol 2003, 85:227-230.
• [14]Sahreen S, Khan MR, Khan RA: Evaluation of antioxidant activities of various solvent extracts of Carissa opaca fruits. Food Chem 2010, 122:1205-1211.
• [15]Khan RA, Khan MR, Sahreen S, Ahmed M: Assessment of flavonoids contents and in vitro antioxidant activity of Launaea procumbens. Chem Cent J 2012, 6:43. BioMed Central Full Text
• [16]Khan RA, Khan MR, Sahreen S, Ahmed M: Evaluation of phenolic contents and antioxidant activity of various solvent extracts of Sonchus asper (L.) Hill. Chem Cent J 2012, 6:12. BioMed Central Full Text
• [17]Sahreen S, Khan MR, Khan RA: Phenolic compounds and antioxidant activities of Rumex hastatus D. Don. Leaves. J Med Plants Res 2011, 5:2755-2765.
• [18]Kil HY, Seong ES, Ghimire BK, Chung IM, Kwon SS, Goh EJ, Hoe K, et al.: Antioxidant and antimicrobial activities of crude sorghum extract. Food Chem 2009, 115:1234-1239.
• [19]Kim DO, Jeong SW, Lee CY: Antioxidant capacity of phenolic phytochemicals from various cultivars of plums. Food Chem 2003, 81:321-326.
• [20]Yong SP, Soon TJ, Seong GK, Buk GH, Patricia AA, Fernando T, et al.: Antioxidants and proteins in ethylene-treated kiwifruits. Food Chem 2008, 107(2):640-648.
• [21]Cheng S, Qui F, Huang J, He J: Simultaneous determination of vitexin-2”-O-glucoside, vitexin-2”-O-rhamnoside, rutin, and hyperoside in the extract of hawthorn (Crataegus pinnatifida Bge.) leaves by RP-HPLC with ultraviolet photodiode array detection. J Sep Sci 2007, 30(5):717-721.
• [22]Brand-Williams W, Cuvelier ME, Berset C: Use of free radical method to evaluate antioxidant activity. Lebensmittel-Wissenschaft und-Technologie 1995, 28:25-30.
• [23]Beauchamp C, Fridovich I: Superoxide dismutase: improved assays and an assay applicable to acrylamide gels. Analytic Biochem 1971, 44:276-277.
• [24]Prieto P, Pineda M, Aguliar M: Spectrophotometric quantitation of antioxidant capacity through the formation of phosphomolybdenum complex: Specific application to the determination of vitamin E. Annals Biochem 1999, 269:337-341.
• [25]Halliwell B, Gutteridge JMC: Formation of thiobarbituric acid reactive substances from deoxyribose in the presence of iron salts: the role of superoxide and hydroxyl radicals. FEBS Lett 1981, 128:347-352.
• [26]Ruch RJ, Cheng SJ, Klaunig JE: Prevention of cytotoxicity and inhibition of intercellular communication by antioxidant catechins isolated from Chinese green tea. Carcinogenesis 1989, 10:1003-1008.
• [27]Re R, Pellegrini N, Proteggente A, Pannala A, Yang M, Rice-Evans C: Antioxidant activity applying an improved ABTS radical cation decolorisation assay. Free Rad Bio Med 1999, 26:1231-1237.
• [28]Dastmalchi KD, Doeman HJD, Oinonen PP, Darwis Y, Laaso I, Hiltunen R: Chemical composition and in vitro antioxidative activity of a lemon balm (Melissa officinalis L.) extract. LWT-Food Sci Technol 2008, 41:391-400.
• [29]Elzaawely AA, Xuan TD, Koyama H, Tawata S: Antioxidant activity and contents of essential oil and phenolic compounds in flowers and seeds of A. zerumbet (Pers.) B.L. Burtt. & R.M. Sm. Food Chem 2007, 104:1648-1653.
• [30]Oyaizu M: Antioxidant activity of browning products of glucosamine fractionated by organic solvent and thin-layer chromatography. Nippon Shokulin Kogyo Gakkaishi 1986, 35:771-775.
• [31]Bahramikia S, Ardestani A, Yazdanparast R: Protective effect of four Iranian medicinal plants against free radical-mediated protein oxidation. Food Chem 2009, 115:37-42.
• [32]Sharififar F, Dehghn-Nudeh G, Mirtajaldini M: Major flavonoids with antioxidant activity from Teucrium polium L. Food Chem 2009, 112:885-888.
• [33]Hertog MGL, Kromhout D, Aravansis C, Blackburn H, Buzina R, Fidanza F, Giampaoli S, Jansen A, Menotti A, Nedeljkovic S, Pekkarinen M, Simic BS, Toshima H, Feskens EJM, Hollman PCH, Katan MB: Flavonoid intake and long–term risk of coronary heart disease and cancer in the Seven Country Study. Arch Internal Med 1995, 155:381-386.
• [34]Peterson J, Lagiou P, Samoli E, Lagiou A, Katsouyanni K, La Vecchia C, Dwyer J, Trichopoulos D: Flavonoid intake and breast cancer risk: a case–control study in Greece. Bri J Cancer 2003, 89:1255-1259.
• [35]Gülçin I, Elias R, Gepdiremen A, Boyer L, Köksal E: A comparative study on the antioxidant activity of fringe tree (Chionanthus virginicus L.) extracts. Afri J Biotechnol 2007, 6:410-418.
• [36]Vani T, Rajani M, Sarkar S, Shishoo CJ: Antioxidant properties of the ayurvedic formulation triphala and its constituents. Intl J Pharmacog 1997, 35:313-317.
• [37]Babu BH, Shylesh BS, Padikkala J: Antioxidant and hepatoprotective effect of Alanthus icicifocus. Fitoterapia 2001, 72:272-277.
• [38]Halliwell B: The Biological Toxicity of Free Radicals and Other Reactive Species. In Free Radicals and Food Additives. Edited by Aruoma OI, Halliwell B. London: Taylor and Francis; 1991:41.
• [39]Hagerman AE, Riedl KM, Jones GA, Sovik KN, Ritchard NT, Hartzfeld PW: High molecular weight plant polyphenolics (tannins) as biological antioxidants. J Agri Food Chem 1998, 46:1887-1892.
• [40]Shyu Y-S, Lin J-T, Chang Y-T, Chiang C-J, Yang D-J: Evaluation of antioxidant ability of ethanolic extract from dill (Anethum graveolens L.) flower. Food Chem 2009, 115:515-521.
• [41]Dorman HJD, Peltoketo A, Hiltunen R, Tikkanen MJ: Characterization of the antioxidant properties of de–odourised aqueous extracts from selected Lamiaceae herbs. Food Chem 2003, 83:255-262.
• [42]Ao C, Li A, Elzaawely AA, Xuan DT, Twata S: Evaluation of antioxidant and antibacterial activities of Ficus microcarpaL. fill extract. Food Control 2008, 19:940-948.