Inhibition of the JAK2/STAT3 pathway in ovarian cancer results in the loss of cancer stem cell-like characteristics and a reduced tumor burden

BMC Cancer

Khalid Abubaker⁵  Rodney B Luwor²  Hongjian Zhu²  Orla McNally³  Michael A Quinn³  Christopher J Burns⁶  Erik W Thompson⁴  Jock K Findlay¹  Nuzhat Ahmed¹ 

[1] Prince Henry’s Institute of Medical Research, Melbourne, Victoria 3168, Australia

[2] Department of Surgery, University of Melbourne, Royal Melbourne Hospital, Melbourne, Victoria 3052, Australia

[3] Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria 3052, Australia

[4] St Vincent’s Institute, Melbourne, Victoria 3065, Australia

[5] Department of Surgery, St Vincent’s Hospital, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria 3065, Australia

[6] Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Melbourne, Victoria 3052, Australia

关键词: JAK2/STAT3 pathway;    Recurrence;    Chemoresistance;    Ascites;    Metastasis;    Cancer stem cell;    Ovarian carcinoma;   

Others  :  858841
DOI  :  10.1186/1471-2407-14-317

 received in 2013-11-08, accepted in 2014-04-23,  发布年份 2014

【 摘 要 】

Background

Current treatment of ovarian cancer patients with chemotherapy leaves behind a residual tumor which results in recurrent ovarian cancer within a short time frame. We have previously demonstrated that a single short-term treatment of ovarian cancer cells with chemotherapy in vitro resulted in a cancer stem cell (CSC)-like enriched residual population which generated significantly greater tumor burden compared to the tumor burden generated by control untreated cells. In this report we looked at the mechanisms of the enrichment of CSC-like residual cells in response to paclitaxel treatment.

Methods

The mechanism of survival of paclitaxel-treated residual cells at a growth inhibitory concentration of 50% (GI50) was determined on isolated tumor cells from the ascites of recurrent ovarian cancer patients and HEY ovarian cancer cell line by in vitro assays and in a mouse xenograft model.

Results

Treatment of isolated tumor cells from the ascites of ovarian cancer patients and HEY ovarian cancer cell line with paclitaxel resulted in a CSC-like residual population which coincided with the activation of Janus activated kinase 2 (JAK2) and signal transducer and activation of transcription 3 (STAT3) pathway in paclitaxel surviving cells. Both paclitaxel-induced JAK2/STAT3 activation and CSC-like characteristics were inhibited by a low dose JAK2-specific small molecule inhibitor CYT387 (1 μM) in vitro. Subsequent, in vivo transplantation of paclitaxel and CYT387-treated HEY cells in mice resulted in a significantly reduced tumor burden compared to that seen with paclitaxel only-treated transplanted cells. In vitro analysis of tumor xenografts at protein and mRNA levels demonstrated a loss of CSC-like markers and CA125 expression in paclitaxel and CYT387-treated cell-derived xenografts, compared to paclitaxel only-treated cell-derived xenografts. These results were consistent with significantly reduced activation of JAK2 and STAT3 in paclitaxel and CYT387-treated cell-derived xenografts compared to paclitaxel only-treated cell derived xenografts.

Conclusions

This proof of principle study demonstrates that inhibition of the JAK2/STAT3 pathway by the addition of CYT387 suppresses the ‘stemness’ profile in chemotherapy-treated residual cells in vitro, which is replicated in vivo, leading to a reduced tumor burden. These findings have important implications for ovarian cancer patients who are treated with taxane and/or platinum-based therapies.

【 授权许可】

   
2014 Abubaker et al.; licensee BioMed Central Ltd.

【 图 表 】

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