The HIV epidemic and prevention response in Tigrai, Ethiopia: a synthesis at sub-national level

BMC Public Health

Samuel Zemariam²  Warren Naamara²  Hiwot Haile Selassie¹  Elisabetta Pegurri⁴  GebreAb Barnabas³ 

[1] UNAIDS, Economic Commission for Africa, Old Building, PO Box 5580, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia;Tigrai Health Bureau, HIV/AIDS Office, Mekelle, Ethiopia;Initiative for Health Development in Africa, PO Box 1016069, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia;UNAIDS, Country office, Economic Commission for Africa, Old Building, PO Box 5580, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia

关键词: Priority setting;    Vulnerable populations;    Evidence based policy;    Acquired immunodeficiency syndrome;    HIV;   

Others  :  1129181
DOI  :  10.1186/1471-2458-14-628

 received in 2013-09-30, accepted in 2014-04-16,  发布年份 2014

【 摘 要 】

Background

This study, the first of its kind carried out at sub-national level in Ethiopia, was conducted in order to understand the dynamics of HIV transmission at regional and district level in Tigrai, Ethiopia; and to assess the adequacy of the HIV prevention response.

Methods

Routine data from health centres, data from available published and grey literature and studies, and primary qualitative information were triangulated to draw an updated picture of the HIV epidemic, HIV response and resource allocation in Tigrai.

Results

HIV prevalence in Tigrai was 1.8% in 2011 (EDHS). ANC data show that there has been a continuous decline in the prevalence of HIV in both urban and rural areas (urban: 14.9% in 2001 to 5.0% in 2009; rural: 5.2% in 2001 to 1.3% in 2009, ANC surveillance data). Variability in prevalence by zone and by district was observed. Possible reasons for higher prevalence include the presence of mobile seasonal workers, highly urbanized centres, a high concentration of economic activity and connecting roads and large commercial farms. Sex workers, seasonal farm workers and HIV negative partners in discordant couples were identified as being at higher risk. There is no evidence that programme planning is done on the basis of geographical variations in HIV prevalence and there are gaps in programmes and services for certain high risk population groups.

Conclusion

Considerable efforts have been invested in the HIV prevention response in Tigrai however, these efforts do not fully respond to the actual needs. For a more effective and targeted HIV prevention response, studies and data syntheses need to be carried out at sub-national level in order to accurately identify local specificities and plan accordingly. Resources should be targeted towards areas where transmission is linked to sex work, mobility and the mobile labour workforce.

【 授权许可】

   
2014 Barnabas et al.; licensee BioMed Central Ltd.

【 图 表 】

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