Sociodemographic and behavioral factors associated with physical activity in Brazilian adolescents

BMC Public Health

Olinda do Carmo Luiz¹  Renata Bertazzi Levy¹  Inês Rugani Ribeiro de Castro³  Rafael Moreira Claro⁴  Daniela Silva Canella⁵  Catarina Machado Azeredo²  Leandro Fornias Machado de Rezende¹ 

[1] Universidade de São Paulo - Faculdade de Medicina, Av. Dr. Arnaldo 455, 1° andar., São Paulo, São Paulo 01246-903, Brazil;Universidade Federal de Uberlândia – Faculdade de Medicina, Av. Dr. Arnaldo 455, 1° andar., São Paulo, São Paulo 01246-903, Brazil;Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro. Instituto de Nutrição, Rua São Francisco Xavier, 524, 12° andar, Bloco E, sala 12007, Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro 20559-900, Brazil;Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Escola de Enfermagem, Av. Prof. Alfredo Balena, 190, Belo Horizonte, MG 01246904, Brazil;Universidade de São Paulo - Faculdade de Saúde Pública, Av. Dr. Arnaldo, 715, São Paulo SP, Brazil

关键词: Brazil;    Health behavior;    Socioeconomic factors;    Health surveys;    Cross-sectional studies;    Adolescent;    Sedentary lifestyle;    Physical activity;    Motor activity;   

Others  :  1130448
DOI  :  10.1186/1471-2458-14-485

 received in 2014-01-24, accepted in 2014-05-13,  发布年份 2014

【 摘 要 】

Background

Physical activity in adolescents is associated with short- and long-term health benefits. Physical activity can occur in various domains and is influenced by a complex network of factors. The aims of this study are 1) to describe the physical activity of Brazilian adolescents in physical education classes, during leisure time, and during active commuting and 2) to investigate the socio-demographic and behavioral factors associated with physical activity.

Methods

The representative sample included 109,104 Brazilian students in the final year of elementary school from 2,842 schools. The weekly frequency and duration of physical activity were assessed. A variety of socio-demographic and behavioral factors were studied. A multiple Poisson regression analysis was used to test for associations between physical activity and the socio-demographic and behavioral variables.

Results

Most of the students (97.0%) engaged in physical activity in at least one of the domains studied, especially physical education at school (81.7%) and leisure time physical activity (67.5%). However, only 29% of the adolescents reached the recommended level of physical activity. Among the adolescents who reached the minimum recommended time for physical activity, the various domains contributed the following proportions to total physical activity: leisure time physical activity (PR 12.5; 95% CI 11.17-13.97), active commuting (PR 1.63; 95% CI 1.59-1.67), and physical education at school (PR 1.36; 95% CI 1.29-1.44). The weekly frequency of all activities was greater among boys than among girls. Moreover, nearly two-thirds (61.8%) of students spent more than two hours per day engaging in sedentary behaviors; the prevalence of sedentary behaviors was similar between boys and girls (59.0 and 64.5%, respectively).

Total level of physical activity, leisure time physical activity, and active commuting were associated with higher nutritional scores.

Conclusions

Physical activity is important in any health promotion program. Therefore, it is necessary to invest in policies and interagency initiatives that promote all domains and to ensure that the general population helps determine the scope and design of such policies.

【 授权许可】

   
2014 de Rezende et al.; licensee BioMed Central Ltd.

【 参考文献 】

• [1]Dishman R, Health G, Lee IM: Physical Activity Epidemiology. 2nd edition. Champaign, IL: Human Kinetics; 2008.
• [2]Committee PAGA: Physical Activity Guidelines Advisory Committee Report, 2008. Washington, DC: US Department of Health and Human Services; 2008.
• [3]Dobbins M, Husson H, DeCorby K, LaRocca RL: School-based physical activity programs for promoting physical activity and fitness in children and adolescents aged 6 to 18. Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2013., 2CD007651
• [4]Ekelund U, Luan J, Sherar LB, Esliger DW, Griew P, Cooper A, Collaborators ICsADI: Moderate to vigorous physical activity and sedentary time and cardiometabolic risk factors in children and adolescents. JAMA 2012, 307:704-712.
• [5]Ness AR, Leary SD, Mattocks C, Blair SN, Reilly JJ, Wells J, Ingle S, Tilling K, Smith GD, Riddoch C: Objectively measured physical activity and fat mass in a large cohort of children. PLoS Med 2007, 4:e97.
• [6]Uijtdewilligen L, Singh AS, Twisk JWR, Koppes LL, van Mechelen W, Chinapaw MJ: Adolescent predictors of objectively measured physical activity and sedentary behaviour at age 42: the Amsterdam Growth and Health Longitudinal Study (AGAHLS). Int J Behav Nutr Phys Act 2011, 8:1-5. BioMed Central Full Text
• [7]Karlsson MK: Physical activity, skeletal health and fractures a long term perspective. J Musculoskelet Neuronal Interact 2004, 4:12-21.
• [8]Okasha M, McCarron P, Gunnell D, Smith DT: Exposures in childhood, adolescence and early adulthood and breast cancer risk: a systematic review of the literature. Breast Cancer Res Treat 2003, 78:223-276.
• [9]Hallal PC, Andersen LB, Bull FC, Guthold R, Haskell W, Ekelund U: Global physical activity levels: surveillance progress, pitfalls, and prospects. Lancet 2012, 380:247-257.
• [10]Bauman AE, Reis RS, Sallis JF, Wells JC, Loos RJ, Matin BW: Correlates of physical activity: why are some people physically active and others not? Lancet 2012, 380:258-271.
• [11]Hallal PC, Bauman AE, Heath GW, Kohl HW, Lee IM, Pratt M: Physical activity: more of the same is not enough. Lancet 2012, 380:190-191.
• [12]Silva KS, Nahas MV, Peres KG, Lopes AS: Factors associated with physical activity, sedentary behavior, and participation in physical education among high school students in Santa Catarina State, Brazil. Cadernos de Saúde Pública 2009, 25:2187-2200.
• [13]Nakamura PM, Teixeira IP, Papini CB, Lemos N, Nazario MÊ, Kokubun E: Physical education in schools, sport activity and total physical activity in adolescents. Rev Bras Cineantropom Desempenho Hum 2013, 15:517-526.
• [14]Bacil ED, Rech CR, Hino AAK: Physical activity patterns among high school students of Ponta Grossa, PR. Rev Bras Ativ Fis Saúde 2013, 18:177-185.
• [15]Hallal PC, Simoes E, Reichert FF, Azevedo MR, Ramos LR, Pratt M, Brownson RC: Validity and reliability of the telephone-administered international physical activity questionnaire in Brazil. J Phys Act Health 2010, 7:402-409.
• [16]Instituto Brasileiro de Geografia e Estatística [Brazilian Institute of Geography and Statistics]: Pesquisa Nacional de Saúde Escolar [National Survey of School Health]. Rio de Janeiro: IBGE; 2013.
• [17]World Health Organization (WHO): Global School-Based Student Health Surveillance (GSHS). Available at: http://www.who.int/chp/gshs/en/ webcite
• [18]Brener ND, Kann L, Shanklin S, Kinchen S, Eaton DK, Hawkins J, Flint KH: Methodology of the youth risk behavior surveillance system–2013. MMWR 2013, 62:1-18.
• [19]Hallal AL, Gotlieb SL, Almeida LM, Casado L: Prevalence and risk factors associated with smoking among school children, Southern Brazil. Rev Saude Publica 2009, 43:779-788.
• [20]Silva RC, Malina RM: Level of physical activity in adolescents from Niteroi, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. Cad Saude Publica 2000, 16:1091-1097.
• [21]Bastos JP, Araujo CL, Hallal PC: Prevalence of insufficient physical activity and associated factors in Brazilian adolescents. J Phys Act Health 2008, 5:777-794.
• [22]Castro IRR, Cardoso LO, Engstrom EM, Levy RB, Monteiro CA: Surveillance of risk factors for non-communicable diseases among adolescents: the experience in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. Cadernos de Saúde Pública 2008, 24:2279-2288.
• [23]World Health Organization (WHO): Global recommendations on physical activity for health. Geneva: World Health Organization; 2010.
• [24]White IR, Royston P, Wood AM: Multiple imputation using chained equations: Issues and guidance for practice. Stat Med 2011, 30:377-399.
• [25]Tremblay MS, LeBlanc AG, Kho ME, Saunders TJ, Larouche R, Colley RC, Goldfield G, Connor Gorber S: Systematic review of sedentary behaviour and health indicators in school-aged children and youth. Int J Behav Nutr Phys Act 2011, 8:98. BioMed Central Full Text
• [26]Souza AM, Bezerra IN, Cunha DB, Sichieri R: Evaluation of food intake markers in the Brazilian surveillance system for chronic diseases–VIGITEL (2007–2009). Rev Bras Epidemiol 2011, 14:44-52.
• [27]Hallal PC, Knuth AG, Cruz DK, Mendes MI, Malta DC: Physical activity practice among Brazilian adolescents. Ciênc Saúde Coletiva 2010, 15:3035-3042.
• [28]Gordon-Larsen P, McMurray RG, Popkin BM: Determinants of adolescent physical activity and inactivity patterns. Pediatrics 2000, 105:1-8.
• [29]Brasil. Ministério da Educação e da Cultura [Brazil. Ministry of Education and Culture]: Parâmetros Curriculares Nacionais: Educação Física [National Curricular Parameters: Physical Education]. Brasília: MEC; 1988.
• [30]Brasil. Ministério da Educação e da Cultura [Brazil. Ministry of Education and Culture]: Parâmetros Curriculares Nacionais: Educação Física [National Curricular Parameters: Physical Education]. Brasilia: MEC; 1997.
• [31]Fairclough SJ, Stratton G: A review of physical activity levels during elementary school physical education. J Teach Phys Educ 2006, 25:239-257.
• [32]Fairclough S, Stratton G: Physical activity levels in middle and high school physical education: a review. Pediatr Exerc Sci 2005, 17:217-236.
• [33]Meyer U, Roth R, Zahner L, Puder JJ, Hebestreit H, Kriemler S: Contribution of physical education to overall physical activity. Scand J Med Sci Sports 2013, 23:600-606.
• [34]Sallis JF, McKenzie TL, Beets MW, Beighle A, Erwin H, Lee S: Physical education’s role in public health: steps forward and backward over 20 years and HOPE for the future. Res Q Exerc Sport 2012, 83:125-135.
• [35]Mandic S, Bengoechea EG, Stevens E, Barra SL, Skidmore P: Getting kids active by participating in sport and doing it more often: focusing on what matters. Int J Behav Nutr Phys Act 2012, 12:86.
• [36]Hallal PC, Tenório MCM, Tassitano RM, Reis RS, Carvalho YM, Cruz DKA, Damascena W, Malta DC: Evaluation of the Academia da Cidade program to promote physical activity in Recife, Pernambuco State, Brazil: perceptions of users and non-users. Cad Saúde Pública 2010, 26:70-78.
• [37]Veith J, Salmon J, Ball K: Individual, social and physical environmental correlates of children’s free-play: a cross-sectional study. Int J Behav Nutr Phys Act 2010, 7:11. BioMed Central Full Text
• [38]Arango CM, Páez DC, Reis RS, Brownson RC, Parra DC: Association between the perceived environment and physical activity among adults in Latin America: a systematic review. Int J Behav Nutr Phys Act 2013, 10:122. BioMed Central Full Text
• [39]Lima AV, Fermino RC, Oliveira MP, Añez CR, Reis RS: Perceived distance to recreational facilities and the association with physical activity and exercise among adolescents in Curitiba, Paraná State, Brazil. Cad Saúde Pública 2013, 29:1507-1521.
• [40]Reis RS, Yan Y, Parra DC, Brownson RC: Assessing participation in community-based physical activity programs in Brazil. Med Sci Sports Exerc 2014, 46:92-98.
• [41]Simoes EJ, Hallal P, Pratt M, Ramos L, Munk M, Damascena W, Parra DC, Hoehner CM, Gilbertz D, Malta DC, Brownson RC: Effects of a community-based, professionally supervised intervention on physical activity levels among residents of Recife, Brazil. Am J Public Health 2009, 99:68-75.
• [42]Bennett GG, McNeill LH, Wolin KY, Duncan DT, Puleo E, Emmons KM: Safe to walk? Neighborhood safety and physical activity among public housing residents. PLoS Med 2007, 4:e306.
• [43]Parra DC, Hoehner CM, Hallal PC, Ribeiro IC, Reis R, Brownson RC, Pratt M, Simoes EJ: Perceived environmental correlates of physical activity for leisure and transportation in Curitiba, Brazil. Prev Med 2011, 52:234-238.
• [44]Hallal PC, Bertoldi AD, Gonçalves H, Victora CG: Prevalence of sedentary lifestyle and associated factors in adolescents 10 to 12 years of age. Cad Saúde Pública 2006, 22:1277-1287.
• [45]Martin S, Carlson S: Barriers to children walking to or from school–United States, 2004. MMWR 2005, 54:949-952.
• [46]Tavarez LF, Castro IRR, Cardoso RB, Claro RM, Oliveira FO: Relative validity of physical activity indicators from the Brazilian National School-Based Adolescent Health Survey (PeNSE) among adolescents from the city of Rio de Janeiro. Cad Saúde Pública 2014. in press
• [47]Nunes LN, Kluck MM, Fachek JM: Multiple imputations for missing data: a simulation with epidemiological data. Cad Saúde Pública 2009, 25:268-278.
• [48]PNAD: Pesquisa Nacional por Amostra de Domicílio [National Household Sample Survey] 2008/2011, 29/31. Rio de Janeiro: IBGE; 2012.