Molecular analysis of volatile metabolites released specifically by staphylococcus aureus and pseudomonas aeruginosa

BMC Microbiology

Anton Amann²  Jakob Troppmair³  Markus Nagl¹  Helmut Wiesenhofer²  Clemens Ager²  Anna Filipiak²  Maria Magdalena Baur²  Andreas Sponring²  Wojciech Filipiak² 

[1] Department of Hygiene, Microbiology and Social Medicine, Division of Hygiene and Medical Microbiology, Innsbruck Medical University, Fritz-Preglstraße 3, Innsbruck, A-6020, Austria;Univ. Clinic for Anesthesia, Innsbruck Medical University, Anichstr. 35, Innsbruck, A-6020, Austria;Daniel-Swarovski Research Laboratory, Department of Visceral-, Transplant- and Thoracic Surgery, Innsbruck Medical University, Innrain 66, A-6020, Innsbruck, Austria

关键词: Pseudomonas aeruginosa;    Staphylococcus aureus;    Volatile metabolites;    Multibed sorption tubes;    Adsorptive enrichment;    In vitro headspace sampling;    Breath analysis;    Gas chromatography mass spectrometry (GCMS);    Volatile organic compounds (VOCs);   

Others  :  1221869
DOI  :  10.1186/1471-2180-12-113

 received in 2012-02-24, accepted in 2012-06-20,  发布年份 2012

【 摘 要 】

Background

The routinely used microbiological diagnosis of ventilator associated pneumonia (VAP) is time consuming and often requires invasive methods for collection of human specimens (e.g. bronchoscopy). Therefore, it is of utmost interest to develop a non-invasive method for the early detection of bacterial infection in ventilated patients, preferably allowing the identification of the specific pathogens. The present work is an attempt to identify pathogen-derived volatile biomarkers in breath that can be used for early and non- invasive diagnosis of ventilator associated pneumonia (VAP). For this purpose, in vitro experiments with bacteria most frequently found in VAP patients, i.e. Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa, were performed to investigate the release or consumption of volatile organic compounds (VOCs).

Results

Headspace samples were collected and preconcentrated on multibed sorption tubes at different time points and subsequently analyzed with gas chromatography mass spectrometry (GC-MS). As many as 32 and 37 volatile metabolites were released by S. aureus and P. aeruginosa, respectively. Distinct differences in the bacteria-specific VOC profiles were found, especially with regard to aldehydes (e.g. acetaldehyde, 3-methylbutanal), which were taken up only by P. aeruginosa but released by S. aureus. Differences in concentration profiles were also found for acids (e.g. isovaleric acid), ketones (e.g. acetoin, 2-nonanone), hydrocarbons (e.g. 2-butene, 1,10-undecadiene), alcohols (e.g. 2-methyl-1-propanol, 2-butanol), esters (e.g. ethyl formate, methyl 2-methylbutyrate), volatile sulfur compounds (VSCs, e.g. dimethylsulfide) and volatile nitrogen compounds (VNCs, e.g. 3-methylpyrrole).

Importantly, a significant VOC release was found already 1.5 hours after culture start, corresponding to cell numbers of ~8*10⁶ [CFUs/ml].

Conclusions

The results obtained provide strong evidence that the detection and perhaps even identification of bacteria could be achieved by determination of characteristic volatile metabolites, supporting the clinical use of breath-gas analysis as non-invasive method for early detection of bacterial lung infections.

【 授权许可】

   
2012 Filipiak et al.; licensee BioMed Central Ltd.

【 图 表 】

Figure 1.

Figure 2.

Figure 3.

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