Effects of dexmedetomidine on smooth emergence from anaesthesia in elderly patients undergoing orthopaedic surgery

BMC Anesthesiology

Dong Jun Kim²  Sang Hun Kim¹  Keum Young So¹  Ki Tae Jung¹ 

[1] Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, School of Medicine, Chosun University, 365 Pilmun-daero, Dong-gu, Gwangju 501-717, South Korea

[2] Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Chosun University Hospital, 365 Pilmun-daero, Dong-gu, Gwangju 501-717, South Korea

关键词: Total intravenous anaesthesia;    Sevoflurane;    Ricker’s agitation-sedation scale;    Emergence agitation;    Dexmedetomidine;   

Others  :  1228228
DOI  :  10.1186/s12871-015-0127-4

 received in 2015-04-02, accepted in 2015-10-03,  发布年份 2015

【 摘 要 】

Background

Intraoperative dexmedetomidine may decrease postoperative emergence agitation in elderly patients due to its sedative effect. In this study, we evaluated the effect of adjuvant dexmedetomidine on smooth emergence from anaesthesia after orthopaedic surgery in elderly patients.

Methods

A total 115 patients (ASA I–II, aged over 65 years) were randomly allocated into four groups. Anaesthesia was maintained with either sevoflurane or total intravenous anaesthesia (TIVA) comprising propofol and remifentanil. Patients were also administered either dexmedetomidine (0.4 μg kg ⁻¹hr ⁻¹ ; SD and TD) intraoperatively or normal saline (SN or TN) as a control. The bispectral index (BIS) score was maintained from 40–60 intraoperatively. All anaesthetics and dexmedetomidine were discontinued at surgical conclusion, and the recovery times (durations to a BIS = 60, 70, and 80; eye opening; and extubation) were measured. The mean arterial pressure, heart rate, Ricker’s agitation-sedation scale (RSAS), visual analogue scale (VAS) for pain, and incidences of emergence agitation and postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV) were measured in the recovery room.

Results

Dexmedetomidine significantly decreased the RSAS score in the SD and TD groups, and a calm state postoperatively occurred more frequently in these groups than in the control groups. The heart rate and incidence of emergence agitation were lower in the dexmedetomidine groups. Recovery time was higher in the SD group than in the SN group, and no significant differences occurred between the TN and TD groups. The VAS score was lower in the SD group than in the SN group, and the PONV did not differ regardless of the use of dexmedetomidine.

Conclusions

Dexmedetomidine may be an effective intraoperative adjuvant for a reducing emergence agitation and smooth emergence from anaesthesia after orthopaedic surgery in elderly patients.

Trial registration

Current Controlled Trials NCT01851005.

【 授权许可】

   
2015 Kim et al.

【 图 表 】

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