Inference of phenotype-defining functional modules of protein families for microbial plant biomass degraders

Biotechnology for Biofuels

Sebastian GA Konietzny²  Phillip B Pope¹  Aaron Weimann²  Alice C McHardy² 

[1] Department of Chemistry, Biotechnology and Food Science, Norwegian University of Life Sciences, Ås, 1432, Norway

[2] Department of Algorithmic Bioinformatics, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf 40225, Germany

关键词: Gene clusters;    Polysaccharide utilization loci;    Feature ranking;    Pectin degradation;    Phenotype-based identification of functional modules;    Plant biomass degradation;    (Ligno)cellulose degradation;    Probabilistic topic models;    LDA;    Latent Dirichlet allocation;   

Others  :  1084587
DOI  :  10.1186/s13068-014-0124-8

 received in 2014-04-19, accepted in 2014-08-05,  发布年份 2014

【 摘 要 】

Background

Efficient industrial processes for converting plant lignocellulosic materials into biofuels are a key to global efforts to come up with alternative energy sources to fossil fuels. Novel cellulolytic enzymes have been discovered in microbial genomes and metagenomes of microbial communities. However, the identification of relevant genes without known homologs, and the elucidation of the lignocellulolytic pathways and protein complexes for different microorganisms remain challenging.

Results

We describe a new computational method for the targeted discovery of functional modules of plant biomass-degrading protein families, based on their co-occurrence patterns across genomes and metagenome datasets, and the strength of association of these modules with the genomes of known degraders. From approximately 6.4 million family annotations for 2,884 microbial genomes, and 332 taxonomic bins from 18 metagenomes, we identified 5 functional modules that are distinctive for plant biomass degraders, which we term “plant biomass degradation modules” (PDMs). These modules incorporate protein families involved in the degradation of cellulose, hemicelluloses, and pectins, structural components of the cellulosome, and additional families with potential functions in plant biomass degradation. The PDMs were linked to 81 gene clusters in genomes of known lignocellulose degraders, including previously described clusters of lignocellulolytic genes. On average, 70% of the families of each PDM were found to map to gene clusters in known degraders, which served as an additional confirmation of their functional relationships. The presence of a PDM in a genome or taxonomic metagenome bin furthermore allowed us to accurately predict the ability of any particular organism to degrade plant biomass. For 15 draft genomes of a cow rumen metagenome, we used cross-referencing to confirmed cellulolytic enzymes to validate that the PDMs identified plant biomass degraders within a complex microbial community.

Conclusions

Functional modules of protein families that are involved in different aspects of plant cell wall degradation can be inferred from co-occurrence patterns across (meta-)genomes with a probabilistic topic model. PDMs represent a new resource of protein families and candidate genes implicated in microbial plant biomass degradation. They can also be used to predict the plant biomass degradation ability for a genome or taxonomic bin. The method is also suitable for characterizing other microbial phenotypes.

【 授权许可】

   
2014 Konietzny et al.; licensee BioMed Central Ltd.

【 图 表 】

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