Extra Corporeal Membrane Oxygenation (ECMO) in three HIV-positive patients with acute respiratory distress syndrome

BMC Anesthesiology

Francesco Giuseppe De Rosa¹  Vito Fanelli²  Silvia Corcione¹  Rosario Urbino²  Chiara Bonetto²  Davide Ricci³  Mauro Rinaldi³  Giovanni Di Perri¹  Stefano Bonora¹  Marco V Ranieri² 

[1] Department of Medical Sciences, University of Turin, Infectious Diseases at Amedeo di Savoia Hospital, Corso Svizzera 164, 10149 Turin, Italy

[2] Department of Surgical Sciences, University of Turin, City of Health and Science, Molinette Hospital, C.so Dogliotti 14, 10126 Turin, Italy

[3] Department of Surgical Sciences, Cardiosurgery Unit, University of Turin, City of Health and Science, Molinette Hospital, C.so Dogliotti 14, 10126 Turin, Italy

关键词: Immunocompromised patients;    Legionella;    PJP;    Pneumonia;    ARDS;    HAART;    AIDS;    HIV;    ECMO;   

Others  :  816318
DOI  :  10.1186/1471-2253-14-37

 received in 2013-12-29, accepted in 2014-05-06,  发布年份 2014

【 摘 要 】

Background

Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) is a life-saving bridging procedure in patients with severe acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). Official indications for ECMO are unclear for immunocompromised and HIV-positive patients affected by severe hypoxemia. Uncertainties are related to prognosis and efficacy of treatment of the underlying disease. However, the care of patients with HIV infection has advanced since the introduction of highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART), with increased life expectancy and decreased mortality.

Case presentation

Three HIV-infected patients with AIDS were admitted to ICU and were treated with ECMO: a 21 years old Caucasian female with congenital HIV infection presented with Pneumocystis jirovecii pneumonia (PJP); a 38 years old Caucasian female with HIV-HCV infection and L. pneumophila pneumonia; a 24 years old Caucasian male with fever, cough weight loss and PJP pneumonia. Two patients were alive, with a good immunovirological profile and they went back to their previous quality of life. The last patient died with septic shock after three months of ICU stay.

Conclusion

ECMO was effective in three HIV-positive patients with an otherwise fatal respiratory failure. All patients had severe immunosuppression and/or limited antiretroviral options. A multidisciplinary critical team is needed to individualize the use of ECMO in immunocompromised patients, including those with HIV infection.

【 授权许可】

   
2014 De Rosa et al.; licensee BioMed Central Ltd.

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