Multi-scale structural and chemical analysis of sugarcane bagasse in the process of sequential acid–base pretreatment and ethanol production by Scheffersomyces shehatae and Saccharomyces cerevisiae

Biotechnology for Biofuels

Anuj K Chandel⁵  Felipe AF Antunes⁵  Virgilio Anjos⁴  Maria JV Bell⁴  Leonarde N Rodrigues⁴  Igor Polikarpov¹  Eduardo R de Azevedo¹  Oigres D Bernardinelli¹  Carlos A Rosa²  Fernando C Pagnocca³  Silvio S da Silva⁵ 

[1] Instituto de Física de São Carlos, Universidade de São Paulo, Caixa Postal 369, São Carlos, São Paulo CEP 13560-970, Brazil

[2] Departmento de Microbiologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil

[3] Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, Institute of Biosciences, CIES/UNESP, Rio Claro, São Paulo, Brazil

[4] Materials Spectroscopy Laboratory, Department of Physics, Federal University of Juiz de Fora, Juiz de Fora 36036-330 Minas Gerais, Brazil

[5] Department of Biotechnology, School of Engineering of Lorena, Estrada Municipal do Campinho, University of São Paulo, Caixa Postal 116 12.602.810, Lorena, São Paulo, Brazil

关键词: Yeasts;    Bioethanol;    Structural analysis;    Enzymatic hydrolysis;    Sequential acid–base pretreatment;    Sugarcane bagasse;   

Others  :  792635
DOI  :  10.1186/1754-6834-7-63

 received in 2013-09-09, accepted in 2014-02-04,  发布年份 2014

【 摘 要 】

Background

Heavy usage of gasoline, burgeoning fuel prices, and environmental issues have paved the way for the exploration of cellulosic ethanol. Cellulosic ethanol production technologies are emerging and require continued technological advancements. One of the most challenging issues is the pretreatment of lignocellulosic biomass for the desired sugars yields after enzymatic hydrolysis. We hypothesized that consecutive dilute sulfuric acid-dilute sodium hydroxide pretreatment would overcome the native recalcitrance of sugarcane bagasse (SB) by enhancing cellulase accessibility of the embedded cellulosic microfibrils.

Results

SB hemicellulosic hydrolysate after concentration by vacuum evaporation and detoxification showed 30.89 g/l xylose along with other products (0.32 g/l glucose, 2.31 g/l arabinose, and 1.26 g/l acetic acid). The recovered cellulignin was subsequently delignified by sodium hydroxide mediated pretreatment. The acid–base pretreated material released 48.50 g/l total reducing sugars (0.91 g sugars/g cellulose amount in SB) after enzymatic hydrolysis. Ultra-structural mapping of acid–base pretreated and enzyme hydrolyzed SB by microscopic analysis (scanning electron microcopy (SEM), transmitted light microscopy (TLM), and spectroscopic analysis (X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, Fourier transform near-infrared (FT-NIR) spectroscopy, and nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy) elucidated the molecular changes in hemicellulose, cellulose, and lignin components of bagasse. The detoxified hemicellulosic hydrolysate was fermented by Scheffersomyces shehatae (syn. Candida shehatae UFMG HM 52.2) and resulted in 9.11 g/l ethanol production (yield 0.38 g/g) after 48 hours of fermentation. Enzymatic hydrolysate when fermented by Saccharomyces cerevisiae 174 revealed 8.13 g/l ethanol (yield 0.22 g/g) after 72 hours of fermentation.

Conclusions

Multi-scale structural studies of SB after sequential acid–base pretreatment and enzymatic hydrolysis showed marked changes in hemicellulose and lignin removal at molecular level. The cellulosic material showed high saccharification efficiency after enzymatic hydrolysis. Hemicellulosic and cellulosic hydrolysates revealed moderate ethanol production by S. shehatae and S. cerevisiae under batch fermentation conditions.

【 授权许可】

   
2014 Chandel et al.; licensee BioMed Central Ltd.

【 图 表 】

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