Morphologic and phenotypic characteristics of myocarditis in two pigs infected by foot-and mouth disease virus strains of serotypes O or A

Acta Veterinaria Scandinavica

Carolina Stenfeldt²  Juan M Pacheco¹  Manuel V Borca¹  Luis L Rodriguez¹  Jonathan Arzt¹ 

[1] Plum Island Animal Disease Center, Foreign Animal Disease Research Unit, Agricultural Research Service, United States Department of Agriculture, Greenport 11944, NY, USA

[2] Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education, PIADC Research Participation Program, Oak Ridge 37831, TN, USA

关键词: Pathology;    Pig;    Virus;    Myocarditis;    Foot-and-mouth disease;   

Others  :  1082582
DOI  :  10.1186/s13028-014-0042-6

 received in 2014-02-17, accepted in 2014-06-16,  发布年份 2014

【 摘 要 】

Myocarditis is often cited as the cause of fatalities associated with foot-and-mouth disease virus (FMDV) infection. However, the pathogenesis of FMDV-associated myocarditis has not been described in detail. The current report describes substantial quantities of FMDV in association with a marked mononuclear inflammatory reaction, interstitial edema and cardiomyocyte degeneration in the myocardium of two pigs that died during acute infection with either of two different strains of FMDV. Despite similar clinical progression, there was a marked variation in morphological characteristics of myocarditis with a significant difference in intensity of myocardial inflammation between the two cases. Phenotypic characterization of leukocyte populations revealed that in both cases, the inflammatory infiltrate consisted mainly of combinations of CD172a+, CD163+ and CD44+ cells, with a distinct subset of CD8+ cells, but with consistent lack of detection of CD3+ and CD21+ cells. This suggests that the FMDV-associated acute myocardial inflammation in the two observed cases consisted mainly of leukocytes of monocyte lineage, with a distinct population of CD8+ cells which, based on lack of CD3 detection in serial sections, are likely to represent NK cells.

【 授权许可】

   
2014 Stenfeldt et al.; licensee BioMed Central Ltd.

【 图 表 】

Figure 1.

Figure 2.

Figure 3.

Figure 4.

【 参考文献 】

• [1]Kandeil A, El-Shesheny R, Kayali G, Moatasim Y, Bagato O, Darwish M, Gaffar A, Younes A, Farag T, Kutkat MA, et al.: Characterization of the recent outbreak of foot-and-mouth disease virus serotype SAT2 in Egypt. Arch Virol 2013, 158:619-627.
• [2]Gulbahar MY, Davis WC, Guvenc T, Yarim M, Parlak U, Kabak YB: Myocarditis associated with foot-and-mouth disease virus type O in lambs. Vet Pathol 2007, 44:589-599.
• [3]Arzt J, Baxt B, Grubman MJ, Jackson T, Juleff N, Rhyan J, Rieder E, Waters R, Rodriguez LL: The pathogenesis of foot-and-mouth disease II: viral pathways in swine, small ruminants, and wildlife; myotropism, chronic syndromes, and molecular virus-host interactions. Transbound Emerg Dis 2011, 58:305-326.
• [4]Karapinar T, Dabak DO, Kuloglu T, Bulut H: High cardiac troponin I plasma concentration in a calf with myocarditis. Can Vet J 2010, 51:397-399.
• [5]Ryan E, Horsington J, Durand S, Brooks H, Alexandersen S, Brownlie J, Zhang Z: Foot-and-mouth disease virus infection in young lambs: Pathogenesis and tissue tropism. Vet Microbiol 2007, 127:258-274.
• [6]Donaldson AI, Ferris NP, Wells GA: Experimental foot-and-mouth disease in fattening pigs, sows and piglets in relation to outbreaks in the field. Vet Rec 1984, 115:509-512.
• [7]Pacheco JM, Gladue DP, Holinka LG, Arzt J, Bishop E, Smoliga GR, Pauszek SJ, Bracht A, O'Donnell V, Fernandez Sainz I, Fletcher P, Piccone ME, Rodrigues LL, Borca MV: A partial deletion in non-structural protein 3A can attenuate foot-and-mouth disease virus in cattle. Virology 2013, 446:260-267.
• [8]Stenfeldt C, Pacheco JM, Rodriguez L, Arzt J: Infection dynamics of foot-and-mouth disease virus in pigs using two novel simulated-natural inoculation methods. Res Vet Sci 2014, 96:396-405.
• [9]Arzt J, Pacheco JM, Rodriguez LL: The early pathogenesis of foot-and-mouth disease in cattle after aerosol inoculation: identification of the nasopharynx as the primary site of infection. Vet Pathol 2010, 47:1048-1063.
• [10]Arzt J, Gregg DA, Clavijo A, Rodriguez LL: Optimization of immunohistochemical and fluorescent antibody techniques for localization of Foot-and-mouth disease virus in animal tissues. J Vet Diagn Invest 2009, 21:779-792.
• [11]LaRocco M, Krug PW, Kramer E, Ahmed Z, Pacheco JM, Duque H, Baxt B, Rodriguez LL: A continuous bovine kidney cell line constitutively expressing bovine alphavbeta6 integrin has increased susceptibility to foot-and-mouth disease virus. J Clin Microbiol 2013, 51:1714-1720.
• [12]Piriou-Guzylack L, Salmon H: Membrane markers of the immune cells in swine: an update. Vet Res 2008, 39:54.
• [13]Talker SC, Kaser T, Reutner K, Sedlak C, Mair KH, Koinig H, Graage R, Viehmann M, Klingler E, Ladinig A, et al.: Phenotypic maturation of porcine NK- and T-cell subsets. Dev Comp Immunol 2013, 40:51-68.
• [14]Cao Y, Schnurr DP, Schmidt NJ: Differing cardiotropic and myocarditic properties of group B type 4 coxsackievirus strains. Arch Virol 1984, 80:119-130.
• [15]Gelmetti D, Meroni A, Brocchi E, Koenen F, Cammarata G: Pathogenesis of encephalomyocarditis experimental infection in young piglets: a potential animal model to study viral myocarditis. Vet Res 2006, 37:15-23.
• [16]Baxt B, Vakharia V, Moore DM, Franke AJ, Morgan DO: Analysis of neutralizing antigenic sites on the surface of type A12 foot-and-mouth disease virus. J Virol 1989, 63:2143-2151.
• [17]Stave JW, Card JL, Morgan DO: Analysis of foot-and-mouth disease virus type O1 Brugge neutralization epitopes using monoclonal antibodies. J Gen Virol 1986, 67:2083-2092.