Prolongation of length of stay and Clostridium difficile infection: a review of the methods used to examine length of stay due to healthcare associated infections

Antimicrobial Resistance and Infection Control

Anne Gardner²  Brett G Mitchell¹ 

[1]School of Nursing, Midwifery and Paramedicine, Australian Catholic University, PO BOX 256, Dickson, ACT, Australia

[2]Research Associate, National Centre for Clinical Outcomes Research (NaCCOR), Australian Catholic University, Sydney, Australia

关键词: Time dependent bias;    Length of stay;    Healthcare associated infection;    Cost;    Clostridium difficile associated diarrhoea;    Clostridium difficile infection;   

Others  :  791282
DOI  :  10.1186/2047-2994-1-14

 received in 2012-02-07, accepted in 2012-04-20,  发布年份 2012

【 摘 要 】

Background

It is believed that Clostridium difficile infection (CDI) contributes to a prolongation of length of stay (LOS). Recent literature suggests that models previously used to determine LOS due to infection have overestimated LOS, compared to newer statistical models. The purpose of this review is to understand the impact that CDI has on LOS and in doing so, describe the methodological approaches used.

Aim

First, to investigate and describe the reported prolongation of LOS in hospitalised patients with CDI. Second, to describe the methodologies used for determining excess LOS.

Methods

An integrative review method was used. Papers were reviewed and analysed individually and themes were combined using integrative methods.

Results

Findings from all studies suggested that CDI contributes to a longer LOS in hospital. In studies that compared persons with and without CDI, the difference in the LOS between the two groups ranged from 2.8days to 16.1days. Potential limitations with data analysis were identified, given that no study fully addressed the issue of a time-dependent bias when examining the LOS. Recent literature suggests that a multi-state model should be used to manage the issue of time-dependent bias.

Conclusion

Studies examining LOS attributed to CDI varied considerably in design and data collected. Future studies examining LOS related to CDI and other healthcare associated infections should consider capturing the timing of infection in order to be able to employ a multi-state model for data analysis.

【 授权许可】

   
2012 Mitchell and Gardner; licensee BioMed Central Ltd.

【 图 表 】

Figure 1.

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