Coupling alkaline pre-extraction with alkaline-oxidative post-treatment of corn stover to enhance enzymatic hydrolysis and fermentability

Biotechnology for Biofuels

David B Hodge²  Michael G Hahn³  Muyang Li⁶  Sivakumar Pattathil¹  Daniel L Williams⁴  Tongjun Liu⁵ 

[1]BioEnergy Science Center (BESC), Oak Ridge National Laboratory, 37831 Oak Ridge, TN, USA

[2]Division of Sustainable Process Engineering, Luleå University of Technology, 97187 Luleå, Sweden

[3]Department of Plant Biology, University of Georgia, 30602 Athens, GA, USA

[4]Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Michigan State University, 48824 East Lansing, MI, USA

[5]School of Food and Bioengineering, Qilu University of Technology, 250353 Jinan, China

[6]Department of Biosystems and Agriculture Engineering, Michigan State University, 48824 East Lansing, MI, USA

关键词: Xylose fermentation;    Oxidative delignification;    Alkaline pretreatment;   

Others  :  792918
DOI  :  10.1186/1754-6834-7-48

 received in 2014-01-06, accepted in 2014-03-18,  发布年份 2014

【 摘 要 】

Background

A two-stage chemical pretreatment of corn stover is investigated comprising an NaOH pre-extraction followed by an alkaline hydrogen peroxide (AHP) post-treatment. We propose that conventional one-stage AHP pretreatment can be improved using alkaline pre-extraction, which requires significantly less H₂O₂ and NaOH. To better understand the potential of this approach, this study investigates several components of this process including alkaline pre-extraction, alkaline and alkaline-oxidative post-treatment, fermentation, and the composition of alkali extracts.

Results

Mild NaOH pre-extraction of corn stover uses less than 0.1 g NaOH per g corn stover at 80°C. The resulting substrates were highly digestible by cellulolytic enzymes at relatively low enzyme loadings and had a strong susceptibility to drying-induced hydrolysis yield losses. Alkaline pre-extraction was highly selective for lignin removal over xylan removal; xylan removal was relatively minimal (~20%). During alkaline pre-extraction, up to 0.10 g of alkali was consumed per g of corn stover. AHP post-treatment at low oxidant loading (25 mg H₂O₂ per g pre-extracted biomass) increased glucose hydrolysis yields by 5%, which approached near-theoretical yields. ELISA screening of alkali pre-extraction liquors and the AHP post-treatment liquors demonstrated that xyloglucan and β-glucans likely remained tightly bound in the biomass whereas the majority of the soluble polymeric xylans were glucurono (arabino) xylans and potentially homoxylans. Pectic polysaccharides were depleted in the AHP post-treatment liquor relative to the alkaline pre-extraction liquor. Because the already-low inhibitor content was further decreased in the alkaline pre-extraction, the hydrolysates generated by this two-stage pretreatment were highly fermentable by Saccharomyces cerevisiae strains that were metabolically engineered and evolved for xylose fermentation.

Conclusions

This work demonstrates that this two-stage pretreatment process is well suited for converting lignocellulose to fermentable sugars and biofuels, such as ethanol. This approach achieved high enzymatic sugars yields from pretreated corn stover using substantially lower oxidant loadings than have been reported previously in the literature. This pretreatment approach allows for many possible process configurations involving novel alkali recovery approaches and novel uses of alkaline pre-extraction liquors. Further work is required to identify the most economical configuration, including process designs using techno-economic analysis and investigating processing strategies that economize water use.

【 授权许可】

   
2014 Liu et al.; licensee BioMed Central Ltd.

【 图 表 】

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