Biodiesel biorefinery: opportunities and challenges for microbial production of fuels and chemicals from glycerol waste

Biotechnology for Biofuels

João R M Almeida¹  Léia C L Fávaro¹  Betania F Quirino² 

[1] Embrapa-Agroenergy, Parque Estação Biológica S/N, Av. W3 Norte (final), 70770-901, Brasília, DF, Brazil

[2] Universidade Católica de Brasília, Genomic Sciences and Biotechnology Program, 70790-160, Brasília, DF, Brazil

关键词: Biodiesel;    Metabolic engineering;    Biofuels;    Fermentation;    Glycerol;   

Others  :  798265
DOI  :  10.1186/1754-6834-5-48

 received in 2012-03-26, accepted in 2012-06-29,  发布年份 2012

【 摘 要 】

The considerable increase in biodiesel production worldwide in the last 5 years resulted in a stoichiometric increased coproduction of crude glycerol. As an excess of crude glycerol has been produced, its value on market was reduced and it is becoming a “waste-stream” instead of a valuable “coproduct”. The development of biorefineries, i.e. production of chemicals and power integrated with conversion processes of biomass into biofuels, has been singled out as a way to achieve economically viable production chains, valorize residues and coproducts, and reduce industrial waste disposal. In this sense, several alternatives aimed at the use of crude glycerol to produce fuels and chemicals by microbial fermentation have been evaluated. This review summarizes different strategies employed to produce biofuels and chemicals (1,3-propanediol, 2,3-butanediol, ethanol, n-butanol, organic acids, polyols and others) by microbial fermentation of glycerol. Initially, the industrial use of each chemical is briefly presented; then we systematically summarize and discuss the different strategies to produce each chemical, including selection and genetic engineering of producers, and optimization of process conditions to improve yield and productivity. Finally, the impact of the developments obtained until now are placed in perspective and opportunities and challenges for using crude glycerol to the development of biodiesel-based biorefineries are considered. In conclusion, the microbial fermentation of glycerol represents a remarkable alternative to add value to the biodiesel production chain helping the development of biorefineries, which will allow this biofuel to be more competitive.

【 授权许可】

   
2012 Almeida et al.; licensee BioMed Central Ltd.

【 图 表 】

Figure 1 .

Figure 2 .

Figure 5.

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