Is there less to social anxiety than meets the eye? Behavioral and neural responses to three socio-emotional tasks

Biology of Mood & Anxiety Disorders

Michal Ziv¹  Philippe R Goldin¹  Hooria Jazaieri¹  Kevin S Hahn¹  James J Gross¹ 

[1] Department of Psychology, Stanford University, Jordan Hall, Bldg. 420, Stanford, CA, USA

关键词: Socio-emotional tasks;    fMRI;    Emotion reactivity;    Insula;    Amygdala;    Social anxiety;   

Others  :  792006
DOI  :  10.1186/2045-5380-3-5

 received in 2012-10-03, accepted in 2013-01-07,  发布年份 2013

【 摘 要 】

Background

Social anxiety disorder (SAD) is widely thought to be characterized by heightened behavioral and limbic reactivity to socio-emotional stimuli. However, although behavioral findings are clear, neural findings are surprisingly mixed.

Methods

Using functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI), we examined behavioral and brain responses in a priori emotion generative regions of interest (amygdala and insula) in 67 patients with generalized SAD and in 28 healthy controls (HC) during three distinct socio-emotional tasks. We administered these socio-emotional tasks during one fMRI scanning session: 1) looming harsh faces (Faces); 2) videotaped actors delivering social criticism (Criticism); and 3) written negative self-beliefs (Beliefs).

Results

In each task, SAD patients reported heightened negative emotion, compared to HC. There were, however, no SAD versus HC differential brain responses in the amygdala and insula. Between-group whole-brain analyses confirmed no group differences in the responses of the amygdala and insula, and indicated different brain networks activated during each of the tasks. In SAD participants, social anxiety symptom severity was associated with increased BOLD signal in the left insula during the Faces task.

Conclusions

The similar responses in amygdala and insula in SAD and HC participants suggest that heightened negative emotion responses reported by patients with SAD may be related to dysfunction in higher cognitive processes (e.g., distorted appraisal, attention biases, or ineffective cognitive reappraisal). In addition, the findings of this study emphasize the differential effects of socio-emotional experimental tasks.

【 授权许可】

   
2013 Ziv et al.; licensee BioMed Central Ltd.

【 图 表 】

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