Physical properties of sago starch biocomposite filled with Nanocrystalline Cellulose (NCC) from rattan biomass: the effect of filler loading and co-plasticizer addition

TALENTA - Conference on Engineering, Science and Technology 2017

工业技术;自然科学

Nasution, H.^1 ; Harahap, H.^1 ; Al Fath, M.T.^1 ; Afandy, Y.^1

Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universitas Sumatera Utara, Padang Bulan, Medan

20155, Indonesia^1

关键词: Bleaching process;    Cellulose content;    Nanocrystalline cellulose(NCC);    Processing industry;    Solution-casting method;    Transmission rates;    Ultra-sonication;    Water vapor transmission;   

Others  :  https://iopscience.iop.org/article/10.1088/1757-899X/309/1/012033/pdf
DOI  :  10.1088/1757-899X/309/1/012033

来源: IOP

【 摘 要 】

Rattan biomass is an abundant bioresources from processing industry of rattan which contains 37.6% cellulose. The high cellulose contents of rattan biomass make it a source of nanocrystalline cellulose as a filler in biocomposites. Isolation of alpha cellulose from rattan biomass was being prepared by using three stages: delignification, alkalization, and bleaching. It was delignificated with 3.5% HNO3and NaNO2, precipitated with 17.5% NaOH, bleaching process with 10% H2O2. Nanocrystal obtained through the hydrolysis of alpha cellulose using 45% H2SO4and followed by mechanical steps of ultrasonication, centrifugation, and filtration with a dialysis membrane. Biocomposite was being prepared by using a solution casting method, which includes 1-4 wt% nanocrystalline cellulose from rattan biomass as fillers, 10-40 wt% acetic acid as co-plasticizer and 30 wt% glycerol as plasticizer. The biocomposite characteristic consists of density, water absorption, and water vapors transmission rate. The results showed the highest density values was 0.266 gram/cm3obtained at an additional of 3 wt% nanocrystalline cellulose from rattan biomass and 30 wt% acetic acid. The lowest water absorption was 9.37% at an additional of 3 wt% nanocrystalline cellulose from rattan biomass and 10 wt% acetic acid. It was observed by the addition of nanocrystalline cellulose might also decrease the rate of water vapor transmission that compared to the non-filler biocomposite.