Technical _ Economic Research for Passive Buildings

World Multidisciplinary Civil Engineering-Architecture-Urban Planning Symposium - WMCAUS

土木建筑工程

Miniotaite, Ruta^1

Kaunas University of Technology, Department of Construction Technologies, Studentu Str. 48-414, Kaunas, Lithuania^1

关键词: Concrete slab foundations;    Economic comparisons;    Energy performance of buildings directive (EPBD);    Essential elements;    Multiple-criteria evaluation;    Passive buildings;    Structural solutions;    Ventilation systems;   

Others  :  https://iopscience.iop.org/article/10.1088/1757-899X/245/2/022076/pdf
DOI  :  10.1088/1757-899X/245/2/022076

学科分类：土木及结构工程学

来源: IOP

【 摘 要 】

A newly constructed passive house must save 80 % of heat resources; otherwise it is not a passive house. The heating energy demand of a passive building is less than 15 kWh/m2per year. However, a passive house is something more than just an energy-saving house. This concept involves sustainable, high-quality, valuable, healthy and durable construction. Features of a passive house: high insulation of envelope components, high-quality windows, good tightness of the building, regenerative ventilation system and elimination of thermal bridges. The Energy Performance of Buildings Directive (EPBD) 61 requires all new public buildings to become near-zero energy buildings by 2019 and will be extended to all new buildings by 2021. This concept involves sustainable, high-quality, valuable, healthy and durable construction. Foundation, walls and roofs are the most essential elements of a house. The type of foundation for a private house is selected considering many factors. The article examines technological and structural solutions for passive buildings foundation, walls and roofs. The technical-economic comparison of the main structures of a passive house revealed that it is cheaper to install an adequately designed concrete slab foundation than to build strip or pile foundation and the floor separately. Timber stud walls are the cheapest wall option for a passive house and 45-51% cheaper compared to other options. The comparison of roofs and ceilings showed that insulation of the ceiling is 25% more efficient than insulation of the roof. The comparison of the main envelope elements efficiency by multiple-criteria evaluation methods showed that it is economically feasible to install concrete slab on ground foundation, stud walls with sheet cladding and a pitched roof with insulated ceiling.