Analysis of Architectural Building Design Influences on Fire Spread in Densely Urban Settlement using Cellular Automata

1st Annual Applied Science and Engineering Conference

工业技术;自然科学

Tambunan, L.^1 ; Salamah, H.^1 ; Asriana, N.^1

Architecture Program, Bandung Institute of Technology, Ganesha 10, Bandung, Indonesia^1

关键词: Architectural buildings;    Building areas;    Fire origin;    Fire scenarios;    Fire spread;    In-buildings;    Spread of fires;    Wood materials;   

Others  :  https://iopscience.iop.org/article/10.1088/1757-899X/180/1/012111/pdf
DOI  :  10.1088/1757-899X/180/1/012111

来源: IOP

【 摘 要 】

This study aims to determine the influence of architectural design on the risk of fire spread in densely urban settlement area. Cellular Automata (CA) is used to analyse the fire spread pattern, speed, and the extent of damage. Four cells represent buildings, streets, and fields characteristic in the simulated area, as well as their flammability level and fire spread capabilities. Two fire scenarios are used to model the spread of fire: (1) fire origin in a building with concrete and wood material majority, and (2) fire origin in building with wood material majority. Building shape, building distance, road width, and total area of wall openings are considered constant, while wind is ignored. The result shows that fire spread faster in the building area with wood majority than with concrete majority. Significant amount of combustible building material, absence of distance between buildings, narrow streets and limited fields are factors which influence fire spread speed and pattern as well as extent of damage when fire occurs in the densely urban settlement area.