Evaluation of the influence of velocity on dynamic passenger loads during a frontal minibus impact against an obstacle

Scientific Conference on Automotive Vehicles and Combustion Engines 2016

Prochowski, L.^1 ; Dbowski, A.^1 ; Zuchowski, A.^1 ; Zielonka, K.^2

Military University of Technology, Institute of Motor Vehicles and Transport, Warsaw, Poland^1

Automotive Industry Institute (PIMOT), Warsaw, Poland^2

关键词: Computer modeling;    Experimental test;    Hybrid iii dummies;    Number of peoples;    Passenger loads;    Passenger seats;    Personal protection;    Vehicle structures;   

Others  :  https://iopscience.iop.org/article/10.1088/1757-899X/148/1/012024/pdf
DOI  :  10.1088/1757-899X/148/1/012024

来源: IOP

【 摘 要 】

The safety of people travelling by minibus is a very complex issue, in which the decisive role is played by load-bearing vehicle structure, passenger seats, and personal protection means. In order to maximize the number of people transported, the seats are spaced very closely to each other and this may pose a hazard to the passengers. Based on an analysis of experimental test results, a computer model representing a system composed of a minibus floor segment, seats, and dummies was built. For the analysis, seats integrated with seat belts were adopted. A seat of this type was based on a high-rigidity frame necessary to bear, inter alia, the strong force exerted (during a collision) by passenger's torso on the shoulder seat belt and transmitted to the upper seat belt anchorage point on the seat backrest. Within this work, the frontal minibus impact against an obstacle with velocities ranging from 20 km/h to 70 km/h was considered. The analysis covered the motion of, and dynamic loads on, a test dummy representing a 50thpercentile adult male (Hybrid III dummy). Within the analysis, realizations of dynamic loads caused by inertial forces and reactions exerted by a three-point seat belt were taken into account. Special attention was paid to the extreme values of the loads that acted on dummy's head, neck, and torso when the head hit the backrest of the preceding seat in the culminating phase of the vehicle impact against an obstacle. The values of biomechanical indicators HIC, ThAC, Nij, and FAC and of the joint injury risk indicator were calculated.