Manifest and Subtle Cyclic Behavior in Nonequilibrium Steady States

29th Workshop on Recent Developments in Computer Simulation Studies in Condensed Matter Physics

物理学;计算机科学

Zia, R.K.P.^1,2 ; Weiss, Jeffrey B.^3 ; Mandal, Dibyendu^3,4 ; Fox-Kemper, Baylor^5

Department of Physics and Astronomy, Iowa State University, Ames

IA

50011, United States^1

Department of Physics, Virginia Polytechnic Institute, State University, Blacksburg

VA

24061, United States^2

Department of Atmospheric and Oceanic Sciences, University of Colorado, Boulder

CO

80309, United States^3

Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley

CA

94720, United States^4

Department of Earth, Environmental, and Planetary Sciences, Brown University, Providence

RI

02912, United States^5

关键词: Detailed balance;    Master equations;    Nonequilibrium steady state;    Ocean heat content;    Persistent probabilities;    Stationary state;    Theoretical framework;    Time independents;   

Others  :  https://iopscience.iop.org/article/10.1088/1742-6596/750/1/012003/pdf
DOI  :  10.1088/1742-6596/750/1/012003

学科分类：计算机科学（综合）

来源: IOP

【 摘 要 】

Many interesting phenomena in nature are described by stochastic processes with irreversible dynamics. To model these phenomena, we focus on a master equation or a Fokker-Planck equation with rates which violate detailed balance. When the system settles in a stationary state, it will be a nonequilibrium steady state (NESS), with time independent probability distribution as well as persistent probability current loops. The observable consequences of the latter are explored. In particular, cyclic behavior of some form must be present: some are prominent and manifest, while others are more obscure and subtle. We present a theoretical framework to analyze such properties, introducing the notion of "probability angular momentum" and its distribution. Using several examples, we illustrate the manifest and subtle categories and how best to distinguish between them. These techniques can be applied to reveal the NESS nature of a wide range of systems in a large variety of areas. We illustrate with one application: variability of ocean heat content in our climate system.