Investigations of fundamental phenomena in quantum mechanics with neutrons

Emergent Quantum Mechanics 2013

物理学;力学

Hasegawa, Yuji^1

Atominstitut, Technische Universität Wien, Stadionallee 2, A-1020 Wien, Austria^1

关键词: Contextual modeling;    Disturbance uncertainties;    Experimental investigations;    Heisenberg's uncertainty;    High-precision;    Neutron interferometer;    Quantum mechanical;    Single particle;   

Others  :  https://iopscience.iop.org/article/10.1088/1742-6596/504/1/012025/pdf
DOI  :  10.1088/1742-6596/504/1/012025

学科分类：力学，机械学

来源: IOP

【 摘 要 】

Neutron interferometer and polarimeter are used for the experimental investigations of quantum mechanical phenomena. Interferometry exhibits clear evidence of quantum-contextuality and polarimetry demonstrates conflicts of a contextual model of quantum mechanics a´ la Leggett. In these experiments, entanglements are achieved between degrees of freedom in a single-particle: spin, path and energy degrees of freedom are manipulated coherently and entangled. Both experiments manifest the fact that quantum contextuality is valid for phenomena with matter waves with high precision. In addition, another experiment is described which deals with error-disturbance uncertainty relation: we have experimentally tested error-disturbance uncertainty relations, one is derived by Heisenberg and the other by Ozawa. Experimental results confirm the fact that the Heisenberg's uncertainty relation is often violated and that the new relation by Ozawa is always larger than the limit. At last, as an example of a counterfactual phenomenon of quantum mechanics, observation of so-called quantum Cheshire Cat is carried out by using neutron interferometer. Experimental results suggest that pre- and post-selected neutrons travel through one of the arms of the interferometer while their magnetic moment is located in the other arm.