Collapse models: from theoretical foundations to experimental verifications

Emergent Quantum Mechanics 2013

物理学;力学

Bassi, Angelo^1,2 ; Ulbricht, Hendrik^3

Department of Physics, University of Trieste, Strada Costiera 11, 34151 Trieste, Italy^1

Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Trieste Section, Via Valerio 2, 34127 Trieste, Italy^2

School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Southampton, Southampton SO17 1BJ, United Kingdom^3

关键词: Dinger equation;    Experimental verification;    Macroscopic levels;    Microscopic system;    Quantum system;    Quantum-mechanical predictions;    Theoretical foundations;    Wave function collapse;   

Others  :  https://iopscience.iop.org/article/10.1088/1742-6596/504/1/012023/pdf
DOI  :  10.1088/1742-6596/504/1/012023

学科分类：力学，机械学

来源: IOP

【 摘 要 】

The basic strategy underlying models of spontaneous wave function collapse (collapse models) is to modify the Schrodinger equation by including nonlinear stochastic terms, which tend to localize wave functions in space in a dynamical manner. These terms have negligible effects on microscopic systems - therefore their quantum behaviour is practically preserved. On the other end, since the strength of these new terms scales with the mass of the system, they become dominant at the macroscopic level, making sure that wave functions of macro-objects are always well-localized in space. We will review these basic features. By changing the dynamics of quantum systems, collapse models make predictions, which are different from standard quantum mechanical predictions. Although they are difficult to detect, we discuss the most relevant scenarios, where such deviations can be observed.