Non-locality and destructive interference of matter waves

Emergent Quantum Mechanics 2013

物理学;力学

Rauch, Helmut^1

Atominstitut, Vienna University of Technology, 1020 Wien, Austria^1

关键词: Destructive interference;    Imperfect environments;    Interference effects;    Interference patterns;    Magnetic interactions;    Non-locality effects;    Perfect crystal interferometers;    Plane-wave components;   

Others  :  https://iopscience.iop.org/article/10.1088/1742-6596/504/1/012017/pdf
DOI  :  10.1088/1742-6596/504/1/012017

学科分类：力学，机械学

来源: IOP

【 摘 要 】

Quantum mechanics with massive particles becomes an important tool for fundamental research and applied science since many previously named "Gedanken" experiments become feasible. Neutrons are massive particles which couple to gravitational, nuclear and electro-magnetic interactions and they are sensitive to topological effects as well. Therefore they are proper tools for testing quantum mechanics where several previously named "hidden" parameters become measurable. Widely separated coherent beams can be produced by means of perfect crystal interferometers and they can be influenced individually. Spinor symmetry, spin superposition and quantum beat effect experiments have been performed and topological phases have been observed. Recent experiments related to the decoherence problem have shown that interference effects can be revived even when the overall interference pattern seems to be incoherent. All retrieval processes involve inherently unavoidable losses which stem partly from the theory itself and partly from an imperfect environment. Related post-selection experiments shed a new light on questions of quantum non-locality and support the request for more complete quantum measurements in the future. A more rational explanation of non-locality effects may be obtained when the plane wave components outside the wave packets are included in the discussion. This can also help to discuss entanglement and contextuality effects in a new light. In all quantum experiments more information can be extracted by more complete quantum experiments which will be important in the future to get a better understanding of quantum physics. An example may be the consideration of the Compton frequency and of proper time effects of matter waves.