Potency of Arachis pintoi Krap. & Greg. as Biomulch in the Tropical Upland Agriculture

Sustainable Agriculture Transformation for The Nations Welfare of Indonesia and Malaysia

Chozin, M.A.^1 ; Nuryana, F.I.^1 ; Guntoro, D.^1 ; Sumiahadi, A.^1 ; Badriyah, R.N.^1 ; Wibowo, A.P.^1

Department of Agronomy and Horticulture, Agriculture Faculty, Bogor Agricultural University, Indonesia^1

关键词: Growth and development;    ITS applications;    Land conservation;    Land degradation;    Legume cover crops;    Physical and chemical properties;    Soil organic matters;    Sustainable Farming;   

Others  :  https://iopscience.iop.org/article/10.1088/1755-1315/196/1/012011/pdf
DOI  :  10.1088/1755-1315/196/1/012011

来源: IOP

【 摘 要 】

The potential of upland for agriculture in Indonesia is very high which is about 76.2 million hectares. Upland consists of flat land ( 3%). Most of the upland is sloping land i.e. range 77% while only 23% of the land is flat. The total upland area on the slopes of Java Island and Sumatra Island is 10.8 million and 33.7 million hectares respectively. The potential danger of erosion and land degradation is high on the area since the average rainfall is more than 2000 mm year-1. For sustainable farming, great efforts on land conservations need to be reduced and prevented the danger of erosion and land degradation. One of the technologies that can be used as a sloping upland conservation is the use of legume cover crop (LCC). Arachis pintoi is legume plant that propagated by stem, creeping growth, does not twist the main plant, and able to cover the ground or soil surface perfectly. Basic research on the bio-ecology and agronomic characters, particularly related to its use as a biomulch. Include analysis of growth and development, the time needed to covering soil surface, their effectiveness in suppressing erosion, suppress weeds and improve the soil fertility as well as the nature of their interaction towards plant cultivation has not much reported. A series of studies have been carried out to study the characteristics of the growth and development of plants of A.pintoi, effectiveness in suppressing the rate of soil erosion, weed growth emphasis, improvement of physical and chemical properties of soil and its application as biomulch on the minimum tillage system. The results showed that A.pintoi has slow growth at the beginning, but cover the soil surface perfectly at 10 weeks after planting (WAP) so effectively suppress erosion, reduce evaporation from the soil, maintaining the availability of groundwater, soil organic matter, provides increased availability of nutrient N and P as well as suppressing the growth of weeds. The combination of minimum tillage and biomulch A. pintoi can be used as a method to be applied to different types of cultivation in tropical upland.