From Informal to Formal: Status and Challenges of Informal Water Infrastructures in Indonesia

1st ITB Centennial and 4th PlanoCosmo International Conference

Maryati, S.^1 ; Humaira, A.N.S.^1 ; Kipuw, D.M.^1

School of Architecture Planning and Policy Development, Institut Teknologi Bandung, Ganeca 10, Bandung

40132, Indonesia^1

关键词: Centralized systems;    Comparative analysis;    Individual systems;    Informal systems;    Technical aspects;    Technical terms;    Urban community;    Water infrastructure;   

Others  :  https://iopscience.iop.org/article/10.1088/1755-1315/158/1/012005/pdf
DOI  :  10.1088/1755-1315/158/1/012005

来源: IOP

【 摘 要 】

Informal water infrastructures in Indonesia have emerged due to the government's inability or incapacity to guarantee the service of water provision to all communities. Communities have their own mechanisms to meet their water needs and arrange it as a self-supplying or self-governed form of water infrastructure provision. In general, infrastructure provisions in Indonesia are held in the form of public systems (centralized systems) that cover most of the urban communities; communal systems that serve some groups of households limited only to a particular small-scale area; and individual systems. The communal and individual systems are systems that are provided by the communities themselves, sometimes with some intervention by the government. This kind of system is usually built according to lower standards compared to the system built by the government. Informal systems in this study are not defined in terms of their legal aspect, but more in technical terms. The aim of this study was to examine the existing status and challenges in transforming informal water infrastructures to formal infrastructures. Formalizing informal infrastructures is now becoming an issue because of the limitations the government faces in building new formal infrastructures. On the other hand, global and national targets state 100% access to water supplies for the whole population in the near future. Formalizing informal infrastructures seems more realistic than building new infrastructures. The scope of this study were the technical aspects thereof. Making descriptive and comparative analyses was the methodology used. Generally, most of the informal systems do not apply progressive tariffs, do not have storage/reservoirs, do not have water treatment plants, and rarely conduct treatment in accordance with standards and procedures as formal systems do, which leads to dubious access to safe water, especially considering the quality aspect.