Erosion Losses of Soils on Arable Land in the European part of Russia

3rd International Conference Environment and Sustainable Development of Territories: Ecological Challenges of the 21st Century

生态环境科学;地球科学;经济学

Maltsev, K.A.^1 ; Yermolaev, O.P.^1

Institute of Environmental Sciences, Kazan Federal University, Kremlevskaya str., 18, Kazan

420008, Russia^1

关键词: Data organization;    Erosion loss;    Forest zones;    Potential loss;    Quantitative assessments;    Soil Protection;    Spatial analysis;    Universal soil loss equation;   

Others  :  https://iopscience.iop.org/article/10.1088/1755-1315/107/1/012014/pdf
DOI  :  10.1088/1755-1315/107/1/012014

学科分类：环境科学（综合）

来源: IOP

【 摘 要 】

The quantitative assessment of potential soil losses in arable lands of the European part of Russia is carried out in the article. The assessment was carried out using a mathematical model based on the mathematical dependencies of the universal soil loss equation and the mathematical dependencies of the State Hydrological Institute of Russia. Assessment of potential soil losses was performed using calculations in a geographic information system. To perform the calculations the database was created containing information on: the relief; properties of soils; climate and land use. The raster model of data organization was used to create the database and subsequent calculations. The assessment shows that the average amount of soil loss in the plowed land of the European territory of Russia is 11 t/ha per year. At the same time, about half of the territories are located in conditions where the soil loss value does not exceed 0.5 t/ha per year. The potential loss of soil taking into account the soil protection role of vegetation is 3.3 tons/ha per year. In addition, a spatial analysis of the distribution of soil loss by landscape zones shows that there is a consistent reduction in the potential loss of soil from the forest zone (20.92 t/ha per year) to the forest-steppe (10.84 t / ha per year), steppe (8.13 t/ha per year) and semi-desert (4.7 tons/ha per year) zone.