Hydrogeological Modelling of Some Geothermal Waters of Ivrindi, Havran and G?nen in the Province Capital of Balikesir, Western Anatolia, Turkey

World Multidisciplinary Earth Sciences Symposium 2017

Ozgür, Nevzat^1 ; Ugurlu, Zehra^2 ; Memis, Umit^1 ; Aydemir, Eda^2

Suleyman Demirel University, Faculty of Engineering, Department of Geological Engineering, Isparta, Turkey^1

Suleyman Demirel University, Graduate School of Applied and Natural Sciences, Isparta, Turkey^2

关键词: Biga peninsulas;    Geochemical features;    Geothermal water;    Hydrogeochemical;    Lacustrine sediments;    Lower Cretaceous;    Pyroclastic rocks;    Western Anatolia;   

Others  :  https://iopscience.iop.org/article/10.1088/1755-1315/95/2/022038/pdf
DOI  :  10.1088/1755-1315/95/2/022038

来源: IOP

【 摘 要 】

In this study, hydrogeological, hydrogeochemical and isotope geochemical features of Havran, Gönen and Ivrindi within the province capital of Balikesir, Turkey were investigated in detail. The Early Triassic Karakaya formation in the study area of Havran forms the oldest rocks consisting of spilitic basalts, diabases, gabbros, mudstones, cherts and radiolarites. There are limestone blocks in this formation with intercalations with sandstones and with feldspar contents, quartzite, conglomerates and siltstones. Oligocene to Miocene granodiorite intrusions were generated in association with intensively volcanic events in the area. Between Upper Oligocene and Early Miocene, andesitic and dacitic pyroclastic rocks cropped out due to intensively volcanism. Later, conglomerates, sandstones, claystones, marls and limestones as lacustrine sediments formed from Middle to Upper Miocene in the study area. In the study area of Gönen, the Lower Triassic Karakaya formation consists of basalts, diabases, gabbros, mudstones, cherts and radiolarites and forms the basement rocks overlain by Upper Jurassic to Lower Cretaceous sandy limestones. Upper and Middle Miocene volcanics which can be considered intensive Biga Peninsula volcanos outcrop in the area. These andesitic lava flows are of black, gray and red color with intensive fissures. Neogene lacustrine sediments consist of conglomerates, sandstones, marl, claystone and clayey limestones. Upper Miocene to Pliocene rhyolitic pyroclastics and dacitic lava flows are the volcanic rocks which are overlain by Pliocene conglomerates, sandstones and claystones. In the study area of Ivrindi, the calda limestones are the oldest formation in Permian age. cavdartepe metamorphic rocks are of Lower Triassic in which can be observed marbles sporadically. The Kinik formation consisting of conglomerates, sandstones, siltstones and limestones are of Lower Triassic age and display a lateral Stratigraphic progress with volcanic rocks. Upper Miocene to Pliocene Yürekli formation consists of dacites and rhyodacites. Upper Miocene to Pliocene Soma formation is composed of clayey limestone, marl, siltstone, intercalations of sandstone, agglomerate and andesitic gravels and blocks cemented by tuffs. Quaternary alluvium is the youngest formation. The samples of geothermal waters in the area of Havran can be considered as Na-Ca-(SO4)-HCO3, Na-(SO4)-HCO3and Na-SO4type waters. In comparison, the geothermal waters in Gönen are of Na-(SO4)-HCO3and Na-HCO3type waters. The geothermal waters of Ivrindi are considered as Na-Ca-HCO3type waters. In the area, a groundwater sample is of Ca-Mg-HCO3type water. The geothermal waters belong to the cations of Na+K>Ca>Mg in Havran, Gönen and Ivrindi and to the anions of SO4>HCO3>Cl in Havran, HCO3>SO4>Cl in Gönen and SO4>HCO3>Cl in Ivrindi. In the diagram of Na-K-Mg1/2, the geothermal waters in Havran, Gönen and Ivrindi of the province capital of Balikesir can be classified as immature waters.