Socio-demographic characteristics of traditional gold smelters in Makassar, south Sulawesi, Indonesia

2nd Transdisciplinary Research on Environmental Problems in Southeast Asia

地球科学;生态环境科学

Habo Abbas, Hasriwiani^1,4 ; Sakakibara, Masayuki^1,2 ; Hakim Arma, Lukmanul^3 ; Hardi Yanti, Iva^4

Departement of Earth Science, Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Ehime University, 2-5 Bunkyo-cho, Matsuyama, Japan^1

Faculty of Collaborative Regional Innovation, Ehime University, 348-58 Tomegamori, Takizawa, Iwate

020-0137, Japan^2

Faculty of Engineering, Hasanuddin University, Jl. Perintis Kemerdekaan km. 10, Tamalanrea, Makassar, Indonesia^3

Faculty of Public Health, Muslim Indonesia of University, Gedung Menara Lt.9, Jl. Urip Sumahorjo Km 5, Makassar, Indonesia^4

关键词: Elementary schools;    Gold processing;    Goldsmith;    Junior high schools;    Questionnaire surveys;    Socio-demographic;    Socio-demographic characteristics;    UAGM;   

Others  :  https://iopscience.iop.org/article/10.1088/1755-1315/71/1/012027/pdf
DOI  :  10.1088/1755-1315/71/1/012027

学科分类：环境科学（综合）

来源: IOP

【 摘 要 】

The traditional gold smelting in Makassar, South Sulawesi, Indonesia, is an informal work with the manufacture of gold jewelry as the core activity. Stages of the gold processing include panning, smelting, and refining with mercury. In the current study, we used a social demography analysis to classify the traditional gold smelter workers in this region. Data (e.g. sex, age, education level, time working, and income) were obtained from a questionnaire survey of 58 smelter workers in the Wajo and Tallo Sub-districts of Makassar. Results showed that 84.5% of the workers were males aged from 21 to 50 years with on the average 15 year of work. The gold smelter were last educated in elementary school (31.0%), junior high school (36.2%), and senior high school (27.6%) levels whereas 5.1% have no education. We found that the monthly income of an un-skilled worker was ∼Rp. 2 million (USD 147.0) whereas that of a skilled worker was between Rp. 2.5 million (USD 183.76) and Rp. 5 million (USD 367.51). An owner could earn over Rp. 5 million (USD 367.51) per month. The result suggested that the traditional gold smelting used rudimentary technique and attracted young people with a low education level. This business continues to exist because the worker earn sufficient income and may higher through mastering gold smelter proficiency.