Impact of the 1815 Tambora Eruption to global climate change

2nd Transdisciplinary Research on Environmental Problems in Southeast Asia

地球科学;生态环境科学

Wirakusumah, Achmad Djumarma^1 ; Rachmat, Heryadi^2

Institute of Energy and Mineral, Ministry of Energy and Mineral Resource, Jalan Gajahmada 38, Cepu, Blora, Indonesia^1

Geological Museum, Geological Agency, Ministry of Energy and Mineral Resource, Jalan Diponegoro No.57, Bandung, Jawa Barat, Indonesia^2

关键词: Earth surface;    Epidemic disease;    Flank eruptions;    Global change;    Global climate changes;    Indonesia;    paroxysmal eruption;    Sulphate aerosol;   

Others  :  https://iopscience.iop.org/article/10.1088/1755-1315/71/1/012007/pdf
DOI  :  10.1088/1755-1315/71/1/012007

学科分类：环境科学（综合）

来源: IOP

【 摘 要 】

Tambora volcano is located at Sumbawa island, Indonesia. Geological study shows a successive of geomorphological development of Tambora Volcano. During 190 to 86 K-Years BP, shield-like or effusive volcano were formed; During 86 to 4 K-Years BP, a strato or explosive-volcano was formed; However, during 80 to 4 K-Years BP flank eruptions occurred intermittently and cinders were formed; In April 1815, a paroxysmal destructive eruption occurred which were followed by caldera forming; Since 1815, lava domes and solphataric fields were formed. The 1815 Tambora eruption emitted 60 to 80 megatons of SO2to the stratosphere (44 km high). The SO2spread the tropics, circled the world and it was oxidized to form H2SO4so called sulphate aerosols protecting the sunlight to reach the earth surface causing global change effects. The Year of 1816 as the year without summer in Europe, the depressed situation in Europe, the epidemic disease of Benggal were three of examples of the impacts of the 1815 Tambora paroxysmal eruption. Therefore, characteristics of Tambora activity before paroxysmal should be learned for mitigation purposes.