Lightning hazard region over the maritime continent observed from satellite and climate change threat

10th Aceh International Workshop and Expo on Sustainable Tsunami Disaster Recovery

Ilhamsyah, Y.^1,2,5 ; Koesmaryono, Y.^1 ; Hidayat, R.^1 ; Murjaya, J.^3 ; Nurjaya, I.W.^4 ; Rizwan^1

Applied Climatology, Graduate School, Bogor Agricultural University, Bogor

16680, Indonesia^1

Dept. of Marine Sciences, Faculty of Marine and Fisheries, Syiah Kuala University, Banda Aceh

23111, Indonesia^2

Head of Centre for Engineering Seismology, Potential Geophysics and Standard Time, Agency for Meteorology, Climatology, and Geophysics (BMKG), Jakarta

10720, Indonesia^3

Dept. of Marine Sciences and Technology, Faculty of Fisheries and Marine Sciences, Bogor Agricultural University, Bogor

16680, Indonesia^4

Tsunami and Disaster Mitigation Research Center (TDMRC), Syiah Kuala University, Banda Aceh

23111, Indonesia^5

关键词: Convective precipitation;    Convective systems;    Lightning activity;    Lightning flashes;    Maritime Continent;    Mesoscale Convective System;    Optical transient;    Research questions;   

Others  :  https://iopscience.iop.org/article/10.1088/1755-1315/56/1/012010/pdf
DOI  :  10.1088/1755-1315/56/1/012010

来源: IOP

【 摘 要 】

Climate change would lead to such hydrometeorological disaster as: flash-flood, landslide, hailstone, lightning, and twister become more likely to happen in the future. In terms of lightning event, one research question arise of where lightning would be mostly to strike over the Maritime Continent (MC)?. The objective of the research is to investigate region with high-density of lightning activity over MC by mapping climatological features of lightning flashes derived from onboard NASA-TRMM Satellite, i.e. Optical Transient Detector/Lightning Imaging Sensor (OTD/LIS). Based on data retrieved since 1995-2013, it is seasonally observed that during transition season March to May, region with high vulnerability of lightning flashes cover the entire Sumatra Island, the Malacca Strait, and Peninsular Malaysia as well as Java Island. High-frequent of lightning activity over the Malacca Strait is unique since it is the only sea-region in the world where lightning flashes are denser. As previously mentioned that strong lightning activity over the strait is driven by mesoscale convective system of Sumatra Squalls due to convergences of land breeze between Sumatra and Peninsular Malaysia. Lightning activity over the strait is continuously observed throughout season despite the intensity reduced. Java Island, most populated island, receive high-density of lightning flashes during rainy season (December to February) but small part in the northwestern of Java Island, e.g., Bogor and surrounding areas, the density of lightning flashes are high throughout season. Northern and southern parts of Kalimantan and Central part of Sulawesi are also prone to lightning activity particularly during transition season March to May and September to November. In the eastern part of MC, Papua receive denser lightning flashes during September to November. It is found that lightning activity are mostly concentrated over land instead of ocean which is in accordance with diurnal convective precipitation event due to the existence of numerous mountainous island in MC. The malacca strait however is the only exception and turn into a unique characteristic of convective system over MC and the only sea-region in the world where lightning activity is the greatest.