Assessment of Technogenic System Impact on Ecosphere Using GIS-Technologies (on the Example of Dalpolimetall Mining Enterprise)

International science and technology conference "Earth science"

Krupskaya, L.T.^1 ; Chekmareva, L.I.^2 ; Golubev, D.A.^1

Department of Ecology, Resource Management and Life Protection, Pacific National University, Tikhookeanskaya str., 136, Khabarovsk

680035, Russia^1

Department of Chemistry, Pacific National University, Tikhookeanskaya str., 136, Khabarovsk

680035, Russia^2

关键词: Ecological safety;    Environmental objects;    Geoinformation approach;    Impact on the environment;    Mineral materials;    Mining enterprise;    Technogenic pollution;    Zinc concentrates;   

Others  :  https://iopscience.iop.org/article/10.1088/1755-1315/272/2/022119/pdf
DOI  :  10.1088/1755-1315/272/2/022119

来源: IOP

【 摘 要 】

The results of experimental studies for Dalpolimetall object (in the Primorsky Krai), which is the only enterprise in the region producing lead and zinc concentrates, are presented in the article. It was established that the wastes of mineral materials processing, stored in large amounts in tailings, contribute to the ecosphere intensive pollution. It is obvious that the wastes (Class 2 of hazard - high-hazard) on the Earth's surface are more actively exposed to oxidation, dissolution, transformation into other mineral forms and aqueous solutions, that significantly worsens the environmental situation in the region under research. In this regard, the problem of the assessment of their impact on the environment and human health is very relevant. Accordingly, the main aim was to create a scientific basis and methodology for assessing the present state of technogenic systems as the real objects of a potential threat of ecological disasters and to develop the technology of its reduction or elimination. The results of long-term researches of the problem of technogenic system impact on ecosphere using GIS-technologies within its borders have allowed to reveal the patterns of technogenic pollution of the biosphere components, to develop the principles of pollutants migration from tailings to environmental objects, including the human body. The geoinformation approach has allowed to detect in the air basin 10 or more times excess of heavy metal compounds in dust, in soils - from 2 to 25 times, in water - up to 20 times and in vegetation - in 35-45 times. The obtained results have been taken as a basis of the proposed method of ensuring ecological safety of technogenic system in the region under study. The novelty of it was confirmed by the RF Patent.