Growth and survival of juvenile Banggai cardinalfish (Pterapogon kauderni) reared under different salinities in recirculating aquaria equipped with protein skimmers

MarSave International Symposium 2018: "Strengthening Marine Resilience for Sustainable Development Goals"

生态环境科学

Pompon, N.^1 ; Ndobe, S.^1 ; Mansyur, K.^1 ; Tis'In, M.^1

Faculty of Animal Husbandry and Fisheries, Tadulako University, Palu, Indonesia^1

关键词: Average growth;    Introduced populations;    Ornamental fish;    Recirculating system;    Salinity levels;    Salinity treatment;    Size ranges;    Wild species;   

Others  :  https://iopscience.iop.org/article/10.1088/1755-1315/253/1/012002/pdf
DOI  :  10.1088/1755-1315/253/1/012002

学科分类：环境科学（综合）

来源: IOP

【 摘 要 】

The Banggai cardinalfish (Pterapogon kauderni) is a small marine ornamental fish endemic to the Banggai Archipelago in Indonesia, listed as Endangered in the IUCN (International Union for the Conservation of Nature) Red List, and twice proposed for CITES (Convention on International Trade in Endangered Wild Species of Fauna and Flora) Appendix II listing. In addition to in-situ conservation, the Indonesian Action Plan (2017-2021) calls for ex-situ P. kauderni conservation, including the development of captive breeding. The accumulation of metabolic waste was suspected as a causal factor in high levels of mortality under all treatments in preliminary captive rearing trials. Protein skimmers can minimise the accumulation of potentially toxic nutrients, organic compounds, and pathogens. This research evaluated the effect of salinity on the growth and survival of juvenile P. kauderni in recirculating systems equipped with protein skimmers and periodical siphoning of waste with partial water change. Juvenile P. kauderni were obtained from the introduced population at Mamboro, Palu Bay, Central Sulawesi Province, Indonesia. Initial size range was 1-3 cm standard length (SL) and 0.105-0.329 g weight. Four salinity treatments (27 ppt, 30 ppt, 33 ppt, 36 ppt) with 5 replicates were applied, with 3 fish per experimental unit (aquarium, 20x30x20 cm, 7 litre capacity). Each fish was measured and weighed at the beginning and end of the 30 day experimental period. The fish were fed with mosquito (Culex sp.) larvae twice a day. The protein skimmers maintained high water quality and survival was high under all treatments, Survival was 100% at 27 ppt and 30 ppt. The 27 ppt treatment yielded the highest average growth (0.35 g in weight and 1.15 cm in SL). Our results show that juvenile P. kauderni grow faster at salinity levels lower than the average in endemic or introduced habitats of this species, and indicate that the use of protein skimmers can effective in promoting the survival of captive juvenile P. kauderni.