Nuclear Power in the Restructuring andModernization of the Romanian Economy

World Nuclear Association Annual Symposium 2003

能源学;武器工业

PID  :  33453

来源: CEUR

【 摘 要 】

After the collapse, in 1989, of the centralized communist regimes in Central and Eastern Europe, the Romanian economy experienced significant changes. The industrial production decline caused a dramatic drop in the country’s electricity consumption. Despite this, the power sector had to cope with many difficulties to cover electricity demand. Under the circumstances of economic restructuring, the problems of the Romanian power sector became acute: most thermal power units are old (older than 20 years), with low efficiency, low performance indicators, high costs, large staff numbers; the dependence on imported fossil fuel is high; the environment protection requirements - emphasized by the European institutions – not met; lack of the capital required for fixing these questions. A peculiar aspect of the transition period occurred: the consumers did not pay timely and entirely the energy bills and the prices for energy established by the state, generally, did not cover the production costs. Consequently, the lack of financial resources at the thermal power plants made the purchase of fuel from import extremely complicated. Also, the maintenance programs at the power plants could not be accomplished. It was very difficult to attract investment funds for rehabilitation work or for the construction of new capacities in the power plants.[First Paragraph]